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Author: Grossman, Michael
Resulting in 14 citations.
1. Chou, Shin-Yi
Rashad, Inas
Grossman, Michael
Fast Food Advertising on Television and Its Influence on Childhood Obesity
Presented: Atlanta, GA, Twenty-Sixth Annual APPAM Research Conference, "Creating and Using Evidence in Public Policy Analysis and Management", October 2004
Cohort(s): Children of the NLSY79, NLSY97
Publisher: Association for Public Policy Analysis and Management (APPAM)
Keyword(s): Body Mass Index (BMI); Child Health; Nutritional Status/Nutrition/Consumption Behaviors; Obesity; Television Viewing; Weight

Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher.

Childhood obesity around the world, and particularly in the United States, is an escalating problem that is especially detrimental as its effects carry on into adulthood. Finding the causes for childhood obesity is key in its prevention. In this paper we employ two panel data sets, the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997, and the Mother-Child National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979, to estimate the effects of fast food advertising on overweight in children and adolescents....Limiting fast food advertising on television might be drastic, but knowing what effect it has on childhood obesity in the first place is an important step in knowing what could be done to prevent it. The Federal Communications Commission and the Federal Trade Commission, pressed by ACT (Action for Children's Television) in the past has made attempts to limit commercials during hours of children's programming yet faced angry opposition by candy, cereal, toy, and advertising industries (Krasnow et al. 1982). Parental control might thus be more effective. Preliminary results in this paper show that fast food advertising can possibly affect children's and adolescents' body mass indexes and probabilities of being overweight, particularly for adolescent females.
Bibliography Citation
Chou, Shin-Yi, Inas Rashad and Michael Grossman. "Fast Food Advertising on Television and Its Influence on Childhood Obesity." Presented: Atlanta, GA, Twenty-Sixth Annual APPAM Research Conference, "Creating and Using Evidence in Public Policy Analysis and Management", October 2004.
2. Chou, Shin-Yi
Rashad, Inas
Grossman, Michael
Fast-Food Restaurant Advertising on Television and Its Influence on Childhood Obesity
NBER Working Paper No. 11879, National Bureau of Economic Research, 2005.
Also: http://www.nber.org/papers/w11879.pdf
Cohort(s): Children of the NLSY79, NLSY97
Publisher: National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER)
Keyword(s): Body Mass Index (BMI); Child Health; Nutritional Status/Nutrition/Consumption Behaviors; Obesity; Television Viewing; Weight

Childhood obesity around the world, and particularly in the United States, is an escalating problem that is especially detrimental as its effects carry on into adulthood. In this paper we employ the 1979 Child-Young Adult National Longitudinal Survey of Youth and the 1997 National Longitudinal Survey of Youth to estimate the effects of fast-food restaurant advertising on children and adolescents being overweight. The advertising measure used is the number of hours of spot television fast-food restaurant advertising messages seen per week. Our results indicate that a ban on these advertisements would reduce the number of overweight children ages 3-11 in a fixed population by 10 percent and would reduce the number of overweight adolescents ages 12-18 by 12 percent. The elimination of the tax deductibility of this type of advertising would produce smaller declines of between 3 and 5 percent in these outcomes but would impose lower costs on children and adults who consume fast food in moderation because positive information about restaurants that supply this type of food would not be banned completely from television.
Bibliography Citation
Chou, Shin-Yi, Inas Rashad and Michael Grossman. "Fast-Food Restaurant Advertising on Television and Its Influence on Childhood Obesity." NBER Working Paper No. 11879, National Bureau of Economic Research, 2005.
3. Chou, Shin-Yi
Rashad, Inas
Grossman, Michael
Fast-Food Restaurant Advertising on Television and Its Influence on Childhood Obesity
Presented: Chicago, IL, American Economic Association Annual Meetings, January 2007.
Also: http://www.aeaweb.org/annual_mtg_papers/2007/0106_1015_2004.pdf
Cohort(s): Children of the NLSY79, NLSY97
Publisher: American Economic Association
Keyword(s): Body Mass Index (BMI); Child Health; Nutritional Status/Nutrition/Consumption Behaviors; Obesity; Television Viewing; Weight

Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher.

Childhood obesity around the world, and particularly in the United States, is an escalating problem that is especially detrimental as its effects carry on into adulthood. In this paper we employ the 1979 Child-Young Adult National Longitudinal Survey of Youth and the 1997 National Longitudinal Survey of Youth to estimate the effects of fast-food restaurant advertising on children and adolescents being overweight. The advertising measure used is the number of hours of spot television fast-food restaurant advertising messages seen per week. Our results indicate that a ban on these advertisements would reduce the number of overweight children ages 3-11 in a fixed population by 18 percent and would reduce the number of overweight adolescents ages 12-18 by 14 percent. The elimination of the tax deductibility of this type of advertising would produce smaller declines of between 5 and 7 percent in these outcomes but would impose lower costs on children and adults who consume fast food in moderation because positive information about restaurants that supply this type of food would not be banned completely from television.
Bibliography Citation
Chou, Shin-Yi, Inas Rashad and Michael Grossman. "Fast-Food Restaurant Advertising on Television and Its Influence on Childhood Obesity." Presented: Chicago, IL, American Economic Association Annual Meetings, January 2007.
4. Chou, Shin-Yi
Rashad, Inas
Grossman, Michael
Fast-Food Restaurant Advertising on Television and Its Influence on Childhood Obesity
The Journal of Law and Economics 51,4 (November 2008): 599-618.
Also: http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/590132
Cohort(s): Children of the NLSY79, NLSY97
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Keyword(s): Body Mass Index (BMI); Child Health; Data Linkage (also see Record Linkage); Market Level Data; Nutritional Status/Nutrition/Consumption Behaviors; Obesity; Television Viewing; Variables, Instrumental; Weight

Childhood obesity is an escalating problem around the world that is especially detrimental as its effects carry on into adulthood. In this paper we employ the 1979 Child–Young Adult National Longitudinal Survey of Youth and the 1997 National Longitudinal Survey of Youth to estimate the effects of television fast-food restaurant advertising on children and adolescents with respect to being overweight. A ban on these advertisements would reduce the number of overweight children ages 3–11 in a fixed population by 18 percent and would reduce the number of overweight adolescents ages 12–18 by 14 percent. The elimination of the tax deductibility of this type of advertising would produce smaller declines of between 5 and 7 percent in these outcomes but would impose lower costs on children and adults who consume fast food in moderation because positive information about restaurants that supply this type of food would not be completely banned from television.
Bibliography Citation
Chou, Shin-Yi, Inas Rashad and Michael Grossman. "Fast-Food Restaurant Advertising on Television and Its Influence on Childhood Obesity." The Journal of Law and Economics 51,4 (November 2008): 599-618.
5. Dench, Daniel
Grossman, Michael
Health and the Wage: Cause, Effect, Both, or Neither? New Evidence on an Old Question
NBER Working Paper No. 25264, National Bureau of Economic Research, November 2018.
Also: https://www.nber.org/papers/w25264
Cohort(s): NLSY97
Publisher: National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER)
Keyword(s): Career Patterns; Health/Health Status/SF-12 Scale; Wage Differentials; Wage Rates

We investigate two-way causality between health and the hourly wage by employing insights from the human capital and compensating wage differential models, a panel formed from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997, and dynamic panel estimation methods in this investigation. We uncover a causal relationship between two of five measures of health and the wage in which a reduction in health leads to an increase in the wage rate but find no evidence of a causal relationship running from the wage rate to health. The former result is consistent with a framework in which a large amount of effort in one period is required to obtain promotions and the wage increases that accompany them in subsequent periods. That effort may cause reductions in health and result in a negative effect of health in the previous period on the current period wage. The finding also is consistent with a model in which investments in career advancement compete with investments in health for time--the ultimate scarce resource. The lack of a causal effect of the wage on health may suggest that forces that go in opposite directions in the human capital and compensating wage differential models offset each other.
Bibliography Citation
Dench, Daniel and Michael Grossman. "Health and the Wage: Cause, Effect, Both, or Neither? New Evidence on an Old Question." NBER Working Paper No. 25264, National Bureau of Economic Research, November 2018.
6. Grossman, Michael
Chaloupka, Frank J.
Saffer, Henry
Laixuthai, Adit
Effects of Alcohol Price Policy on Youth: A Summary of Economic Research
Journal of Research on Adolescence 4,2 (1994): 347-364
Cohort(s): NLSY79
Publisher: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates ==> Taylor & Francis
Keyword(s): Alcohol Use; College Dropouts; College Graduates; Cost-Benefit Studies; Data Linkage (also see Record Linkage); Economics, Regional; Mortality; Taxes

Permission to reprint the abstract has been denied by the publisher.

Bibliography Citation
Grossman, Michael, Frank J. Chaloupka, Henry Saffer and Adit Laixuthai. "Effects of Alcohol Price Policy on Youth: A Summary of Economic Research." Journal of Research on Adolescence 4,2 (1994): 347-364.
7. Grossman, Michael
Kaestner, Robert
Markowitz, Sara
Get High and Get Stupid: The Effect of Alcohol and Marijuana Use on Teen Sexual Behavior
NBER Working Paper No. 9216, National Bureau of Economic Research, September 2002.
Also: http://www.nber.org/papers/w9216
Cohort(s): NLSY97
Publisher: National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER)
Keyword(s): Alcohol Use; Drug Use; Risk-Taking; Sexual Behavior; Substance Use; Teenagers

Numerous studies have documented a strong correlation between substance use and teen sexual behavior, and this empirical relationship has given rise to a widespread belief that substance use causes teens to engage in risky sex. This causal link is often used by advocates to justify policies targeted at reducing substance use. Here, we argue that previous research has not produced sufficient evidence to substantiate a causal relationship between substance use and teen sexual behavior. Accordingly, we attempt to estimate causal effects using two complementary research approaches. Our findings suggest that substance use is not causally related to teen sexual behavior, although we cannot definitely rule out that possibility.
Bibliography Citation
Grossman, Michael, Robert Kaestner and Sara Markowitz. "Get High and Get Stupid: The Effect of Alcohol and Marijuana Use on Teen Sexual Behavior." NBER Working Paper No. 9216, National Bureau of Economic Research, September 2002.
8. Grossman, Michael
Kaestner, Robert
Markowitz, Sara
Get High and Get Stupid: The Effect of Alcohol and Marijuana Use on Teen Sexual Behavior
Review of Economics of the Household 2, 4 (2004): 413-441.
Also: http://www.springerlink.com/content/h3841721727h2tp5/fulltext.pdf
Cohort(s): NLSY97
Publisher: Springer
Keyword(s): Alcohol Use; Drug Use; Risk-Taking; Sexual Behavior; Substance Use; Teenagers

Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher.

Numerous studies have documented a strong correlation between substance use and teen sexual behavior, and this empirical relationship has given rise to a widespread belief that substance use causes teens to engage in risky sex. This causal link is often used by advocates to justify policies targeted at reducing substance use. Here, we argue that previous research has not produced sufficient evidence to substantiate a causal relationship between substance use and teen sexual behavior. Accordingly, we attempt to estimate causal effects using two complementary research approaches. Our findings suggest that substance use is not causally related to teen sexual behavior, although we cannot definitively rule out that possibility.
Bibliography Citation
Grossman, Michael, Robert Kaestner and Sara Markowitz. "Get High and Get Stupid: The Effect of Alcohol and Marijuana Use on Teen Sexual Behavior." Review of Economics of the Household 2, 4 (2004): 413-441.
9. Kaestner, Robert
Grossman, Michael
Effects of Weight on Adolescent Educational Attainment
Presented: Washington, DC, Bureau of Labor Statistics Conference Center, NLSY97 Tenth Anniversary Conference, May 29-30, 2008.
Also: http://harrisschool.uchicago.edu/Research/conferences/NLSYConf/pdf/kaestner.pdf
Cohort(s): NLSY97
Publisher: U.S. Department of Labor
Keyword(s): Educational Attainment; Modeling; Obesity; Weight

In this paper, we investigate the association between weight and adolescent's educational attainment, as measured by highest grade attended, highest grade completed, and drop out status. Data for the study came from the 1997 cohort of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY), which contains a large, national sample of teens between the ages of 14 and 18. We obtained estimates of the association between weight and educational attainment using several regression model specifications that controlled for a variety of observed characteristics. Our results suggest that, in general, teens that are overweight or obese have levels of attainment that are about the same as teens with average weight.
Bibliography Citation
Kaestner, Robert and Michael Grossman. "Effects of Weight on Adolescent Educational Attainment." Presented: Washington, DC, Bureau of Labor Statistics Conference Center, NLSY97 Tenth Anniversary Conference, May 29-30, 2008.
10. Kaestner, Robert
Grossman, Michael
Effects of Weight on Children's Educational Achievement
Economics of Education Review 28,6 (December 2009): 651–661.
Also: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0272775709000557
Cohort(s): Children of the NLSY79
Publisher: Elsevier
Keyword(s): Achievement; Body Mass Index (BMI); Children, Academic Development; Obesity; Peabody Individual Achievement Test (PIAT- Math); Peabody Individual Achievement Test (PIAT- Reading); School Progress; Weight

In this paper, we investigate the association between weight and children's educational achievement, as measured by scores on Peabody Individual Achievement Tests in math and reading, and grade attainment. Data for the study came from the 1979 cohort of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY), which contains a large, national sample of children between the ages of 5 and 12 between 1986 and 2004.We obtained estimates of the association between weight and achievement using several regression model specifications that controlled for a variety of observed characteristics of the child and his or her mother, and time-invariant characteristics of the child. Our results suggest that, in general, children who are overweight or obese have achievement test scores that are about the same as children with average weight.
Bibliography Citation
Kaestner, Robert and Michael Grossman. "Effects of Weight on Children's Educational Achievement ." Economics of Education Review 28,6 (December 2009): 651–661. A.
11. Kaestner, Robert
Grossman, Michael
Effects of Weight on Children's Educational Achievement
NBER Working Paper No. 13764, National Bureau of Economic Research, January 2008.
Also: http://www.nber.org/papers/w13764
Cohort(s): Children of the NLSY79, NLSY79
Publisher: National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER)
Keyword(s): Achievement; Children, Academic Development; Educational Attainment; Obesity; Peabody Individual Achievement Test (PIAT- Math); Peabody Individual Achievement Test (PIAT- Reading); School Progress; Test Scores/Test theory/IRT; Weight; Younger Adult Worker Study

In this paper, we investigate the association between weight and children's educational achievement, as measured by scores on Peabody Individual Achievement Tests in math and reading, and grade attainment. Data for the study came from the 1979 cohort of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY), which contains a large, national sample of children between the ages of 5 and 12. We obtained estimates of the association between weight and achievement using several regression model specifications that controlled for a variety of observed characteristics of the child and his or her mother, and time-invariant characteristics of the child. Our results suggest that, in general, children who are overweight or obese have achievement test scores that are about the same as children with average weight.
Bibliography Citation
Kaestner, Robert and Michael Grossman. "Effects of Weight on Children's Educational Achievement." NBER Working Paper No. 13764, National Bureau of Economic Research, January 2008.
12. Kaestner, Robert
Grossman, Michael
Yarnoff, Benjamin
Effects of Weight on Adolescent Educational Attainment
NBER Working Paper No. 14994, National Bureau of Economic Research, May 2009 (Revised September 2009).
Also: http://www.nber.org/papers/w14994
Cohort(s): NLSY97
Publisher: National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER)
Keyword(s): Adolescent Behavior; Body Mass Index (BMI); Educational Attainment; Obesity; Weight

In this paper, we investigate the association between weight and adolescent's educational attainment, as measured by highest grade attended, highest grade completed, and drop out status. Data for the study came from the 1997 cohort of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY), which contains a large, national sample of teens between the ages of 14 and 18. We obtained estimates of the association between weight and educational attainment using several regression model specifications that controlled for a variety of observed characteristics. Our results suggest that, in general, teens that are overweight or obese have levels of attainment that are about the same as teens with average weight.
Bibliography Citation
Kaestner, Robert, Michael Grossman and Benjamin Yarnoff. "Effects of Weight on Adolescent Educational Attainment." NBER Working Paper No. 14994, National Bureau of Economic Research, May 2009 (Revised September 2009).
13. Saffer, Henry
Dave, Dhaval
Grossman, Michael
A Behavioral Economic Model of Alcohol Advertising and Price
Health Economics 25,7 (July 2016): 816-828.
Also: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/hec.3186/abstract
Cohort(s): NLSY97
Publisher: Wiley Online
Keyword(s): Alcohol Use; Self-Control/Self-Regulation

Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher.

This paper presents a new empirical study of the effects of televised alcohol advertising and alcohol price on alcohol consumption. A novel feature of this study is that the empirical work is guided by insights from behavioral economic theory. Unlike the theory used in most prior studies, this theory predicts that restriction on alcohol advertising on TV would be more effective in reducing consumption for individuals with high consumption levels but less effective for individuals with low consumption levels. The estimation work employs data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, and the empirical model is estimated with quantile regressions. The results show that advertising has a small positive effect on consumption and that this effect is relatively larger at high consumption levels. The continuing importance of alcohol taxes is also supported. Education is employed as a proxy for self-regulation, and the results are consistent with this assumption. The key conclusion is that restrictions on alcohol advertising on TV would have a small negative effect on drinking, and this effect would be larger for heavy drinkers. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Bibliography Citation
Saffer, Henry, Dhaval Dave and Michael Grossman. "A Behavioral Economic Model of Alcohol Advertising and Price." Health Economics 25,7 (July 2016): 816-828.
14. Saffer, Henry
Dave, Dhaval
Grossman, Michael
Behavioral Economics and the Demand for Alcohol: Results from the NLSY97
NBER Working Paper No. 18180, National Bureau of Economic Research, June 2012.
Also: http://www.nber.org/papers/w18180
Cohort(s): NLSY97
Publisher: National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER)
Keyword(s): Adolescent Behavior; Alcohol Use; Behavior; Data Linkage (also see Record Linkage); Education; Market Level Data; Modeling; Modeling, Latent Class Analysis/Latent Transition Analysis; Television Viewing

The behavioral economic model presented in this paper argues that the effect of advertising and price differ by past consumption levels. The model predicts that advertising is more effective in reducing consumption at high past consumption levels but less effective at low past consumption levels. Conversely, the model predicts that higher prices are effective in reducing consumption at low past consumption levels but less effective at high past consumption levels. Unlike the models used in most prior studies, this model predicts that the effects of policy on average consumption and on the upper end of the distribution are different.

Both FMM and Quantile models were estimated. The results from these regressions show that heavy drinkers are more responsive to advertising and less responsive to price than are moderate drinkers. The empirical evidence also supports the assumption that education is a proxy for self-regulation. The key conclusions are that restrictions on advertising are targeted at heavy drinkers and are an underutilized alcohol control policy. Higher excise taxes on alcohol reduce consumption by moderate drinkers and are of less importance in reducing heavy consumption.

Bibliography Citation
Saffer, Henry, Dhaval Dave and Michael Grossman. "Behavioral Economics and the Demand for Alcohol: Results from the NLSY97." NBER Working Paper No. 18180, National Bureau of Economic Research, June 2012.