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Author: Willson, Andrea E.

Resulting in 3 citations.

1.	Comeau, Jinette Avison, William R. Willson, Andrea E.
1.	Economic Resources and Trajectories of Children's Mental Health over the Early Life Course Presented: Chicago IL, American Sociological Association Annual Meeting, August 2015 Cohort(s): Children of the NLSY79 Publisher: American Sociological Association Keyword(s): Anxiety; Behavior Problems Index (BPI); Children, Mental Health; Depression (see also CESD); Family Income; Income Level; Life Course Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. Although the timing, duration, and sequencing of economic disadvantage are relevant to the experience of poverty and children's mental health, to date, few studies consider these temporal patterns simultaneously. This study uses data from the Child Supplement of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (n=2,680) to assess the extent to which stability and change in family income is associated with children's trajectories of depression/anxiety and antisocial behavior from age 4 to 14. We empirically construct 6 income categories that represent children with comparable profiles of economic resources over time: increasing, decreasing, fluctuating, and stability across low-, medium-, and high-income families. Incorporating these income categories in multiple group latent growth curve models provides an important opportunity to understand how they initiate and shape children's mental health trajectories. Results reveal significant disparities in antisocial behavior and depression/anxiety at age 4 and over time across the income categories, with the most pronounced difference occurring between children in the persistently low- and high-income categories. In addition, whereas children exposed to persistently low and medium levels of income demonstrate a modest increase in antisocial behavior in early adolescence, children with persistently high levels of income exhibit a steady decline in problem behaviors across the early life course.
	Bibliography Citation Comeau, Jinette, William R. Avison and Andrea E. Willson. "Economic Resources and Trajectories of Children's Mental Health over the Early Life Course." Presented: Chicago IL, American Sociological Association Annual Meeting, August 2015.

2.	Willson, Andrea E.
2.	Race and Women's Income Trajectories: Employment, Marriage, and Income Security Over the Life Course Social Problems 50,1 (February 2003): 87-110. Also: http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1525/sp.2003.50.1.87 Cohort(s): Mature Women Publisher: University of California Press Keyword(s): Benefits, Fringe; Economic Well-Being; Employment; Income; Life Course; Marriage; Modeling; Racial Differences; Women This article examines the contribution of employment and marriage to the income security of women as they age, and assesses differences in the process of building income security for African American and white women. Using hierarchical linear modeling and data from the National Longitudinal Survey's Mature Women Cohort, I focus on individual-level trajectories of income over time, their determinants, and how they differ across subgroups. The results demonstrate the complexity of change in women's income security over the life course and the important role that race plays in structuring trajectories of income security. Regardless of marital history, employment history, the type of job, or level of education, black women were anchored with substantially lower average adjusted household income and had significantly less growth in this income over time. As they aged, black women experienced less decay in household income; however, their income did not have nearly as far to drop. The pathways that lead from marriage and employment to income security are different for white and black women. The two mechanisms do not operate the same for all women, with white women gaining more security from marriage and black women gaining more security from "good jobs"--those with fringe benefits--to which they often lack access.
	Bibliography Citation Willson, Andrea E. "Race and Women's Income Trajectories: Employment, Marriage, and Income Security Over the Life Course." Social Problems 50,1 (February 2003): 87-110.

3.	Willson, Andrea E. Hardy, Melissa A.
3.	Racial Disparities in Income Security for a Cohort of Aging American Women Social Forces 80,4 (June 2002): 1283-1306. Also: http://www.jstor.org/stable/3086508 Cohort(s): Mature Women Publisher: University of North Carolina Press Keyword(s): Age and Ageing; Employment; Income; Marriage; Racial Differences; Women Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. In this analysis we examine how women's family and employment choices are linked to differences in financial security as they age. Previous research has tested theories of growing inequality, decreasing inequality, or maintained inequality as cohorts transition into old age. We assess these hypotheses for older women and emphasize the heterogeneity in women's experiences, particularly differences in income security among women by race. Our findings indicate that, although marriage offers women considerable financial protection, their own employment was also a key to their security and reduced the rate at which income security decayed as they entered old age. This increased the variation in outcomes relative to initial positions. Whereas marriage provided more security for white women, employment gave a greater boost to black women.
	Bibliography Citation Willson, Andrea E. and Melissa A. Hardy. "Racial Disparities in Income Security for a Cohort of Aging American Women." Social Forces 80,4 (June 2002): 1283-1306.

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