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Author: Mroz, Thomas

Resulting in 8 citations.

1.	Gritz, R. Mark MaCurdy, Thomas E. Mroz, Thomas
1.	An Evaluation of the NLSY Working Paper, Seattle WA: Battelle Memorial Institute, February 1994 Cohort(s): NLSY79 Publisher: Battelle Human Affairs Research Center Keyword(s): Attrition; Demography; Employment, Youth; Longitudinal Data Sets; Longitudinal Surveys; Sample Selection The National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY) has become one of the most widely used data sources for investigating many of the economic and demographic circumstances faced by young adults during the 1980s. As the NLSY enters its second decade, some researchers may be concerned about the current representativeness of the NLSY due to attrition which has plagued other longitudinal data sets. There has been surprisingly little attrition from the NLSY, but there has been little research done to date to determine the relevance of the researchers' concern. This study will investigate the nature and potential consequences of attrition in the NLSY, by carrying out an empirical study of the reliability of these data focusing on three groups of questions: 1. Does the sample selection from the NLSY on the basis of attrition status alter the distributions of earnings and other labor-market variables in a way that changes our picture of youths' employment experiences? 2. How well does the NLSY replicate the labor-market experiences of various demographic segments of the youth population in the US? 3. What are the characteristics of those who miss surveys in the NLSY? Also, what are the characteristics of those who return to the sample?
	Bibliography Citation Gritz, R. Mark, Thomas E. MaCurdy and Thomas Mroz. "An Evaluation of the NLSY." Working Paper, Seattle WA: Battelle Memorial Institute, February 1994.

2.	Li, Guo Mroz, Thomas
2.	Expected Income and Labor Market Choices of U.S. Married Couples: A Locally Weighted Regression Approach Regional Science and Urban Economics 43,6 (November 2013): 985-995. Also: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0166046213000835 Cohort(s): NLSY79 Publisher: Elsevier Keyword(s): Current Population Survey (CPS) / CPS-Fertility Supplement; Geocoded Data; Income; Labor Market Studies, Geographic; Marriage; Migration Patterns This paper applies a locally weighted scatterplot smoothing (loess) method to estimate the spatially heterogeneous wages of demographic groups of workers across precisely defined US labor markets. We estimate a location choice model using data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY79) using these estimates of labor market specific wages for men and women as determinants of their place of residence. We compare estimates of this model to a model using more aggregated measures of wages and locations from CPS. We show that potential wages based on these more refined definitions of labor markets and demographic groups provide more explanatory power in a simple migration model than do those based upon less detailed definitions of labor markets and demographic groups.
	Bibliography Citation Li, Guo and Thomas Mroz. "Expected Income and Labor Market Choices of U.S. Married Couples: A Locally Weighted Regression Approach." Regional Science and Urban Economics 43,6 (November 2013): 985-995.

3.	Liu, Haiyong Mroz, Thomas van der Klaauw, Wilbert
3.	Maternal Employment, Migration, and Child Development Working Paper, Department of Economics, Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, April 2005. Also: http://www.unc.edu/~vanderkl/maternal3.pdf Cohort(s): Children of the NLSY79, NLSY79 Publisher: Department of Economics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Keyword(s): Armed Forces Qualifications Test (AFQT); Child Development; Common Core of Data (CCD); Maternal Employment; Migration; Modeling, Hazard/Event History/Survival/Duration; Peabody Individual Achievement Test (PIAT- Math); School Characteristics/Rating/Safety Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. We use longitudinal models to investigate the interactions and interdependencies between parental inputs and school inputs as determinants of a child's development. Using data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, we integrate information on household migration, maternal employment decisions, and the mother's wage rate with observations on child outcomes for 7184 persons over 10 years. A mother maximizes her utility that depends on the household's consumption, her "leisure" time, and her child's achievement outcome. The mother solves a stochastic optimization problem where she is uncertain of her future wages and job prospects. She can only imperfectly influence her child's development. We use semi-parametric maximum likelihood procedures to estimate the structure of her preferences and the stochastic child production process under the assumption that the mother maximizes her expected utility. The statistical model follows directly from the theoretical framework. We relax many functional form assumptions that have been imposed by previous researchers who have studied how parents and schools can affect a child's development. Our preliminary investigations with simplified versions of this approach indicate that we are able to explain and reject several of the counter-intuitive estimation results found in the literature on the determinants of children's school performance.
	Bibliography Citation Liu, Haiyong, Thomas Mroz and Wilbert van der Klaauw. "Maternal Employment, Migration, and Child Development." Working Paper, Department of Economics, Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, April 2005.

4.	Liu, Haiyong Mroz, Thomas van der Klaauw, Wilbert
4.	Maternal Employment, Migration, and Child Development Presented: Chicago, IL, American Economic Association Annual Meetings, January 2007. Also: http://www.aeaweb.org/annual_mtg_papers/2007/0107_1015_0504.pdf Cohort(s): Children of the NLSY79, NLSY79 Publisher: American Economic Association Keyword(s): Armed Forces Qualifications Test (AFQT); Child Development; Common Core of Data (CCD); Maternal Employment; Migration; Modeling, Hazard/Event History/Survival/Duration; Peabody Individual Achievement Test (PIAT- Math); School Characteristics/Rating/Safety; School Quality Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. We analyze the roles and interrelationships between school inputs and parental inputs in affecting child development through the specification and estimation of a behavioral model of household migration and maternal employment decisions. We integrate information on these decisions with observations on child outcomes over a 13-year period from the NLSY. We find that the impact of our school quality measures diminish by a factor of 2 to 4 after accounting for the fact that families may choose where to live in part based on school characteristics and labor market opportunities. The positive statistical relationship between child outcomes and maternal employment reverses sign while remaining statistically significant after controlling for its possible endogeneity. Our estimates imply that when parental responses are taken into account, policy changes in school quality end up having only minor impacts on child test scores.
	Bibliography Citation Liu, Haiyong, Thomas Mroz and Wilbert van der Klaauw. "Maternal Employment, Migration, and Child Development." Presented: Chicago, IL, American Economic Association Annual Meetings, January 2007.

5.	Liu, Haiyong Mroz, Thomas van der Klaauw, Wilbert
5.	Maternal Employment, Migration, and Child Development Journal of Econometrics 156,1 (May 2010): 212-228. Also: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304407609002176 Cohort(s): Children of the NLSY79, NLSY79 Publisher: Elsevier Keyword(s): Armed Forces Qualifications Test (AFQT); Child Development; Common Core of Data (CCD); Maternal Employment; Migration; Mobility; Modeling, Hazard/Event History/Survival/Duration; Peabody Individual Achievement Test (PIAT- Math); Residence; School Characteristics/Rating/Safety; School Quality; Test Scores/Test theory/IRT We analyze the roles of and interrelationships among school inputs and parental inputs in affecting child development through the specification and estimation of a behavioral model of household migration and maternal employment decisions. We integrate information on these decisions with observations on child outcomes over a 13-year period from the National Longitudinal Study of Youth (NLSY). We find that the impact of our school quality measures diminishes by factors of 2 to 4 after accounting for the fact that families may choose where to live in part based on school characteristics and labor market opportunities. The positive statistical relationship between child outcomes and maternal employment reverses sign and remains statistically significant after controlling for its possible endogeneity. Our estimates imply that when parental responses are taken into account, policy changes in school quality end up having only minor impacts on child test scores.
	Bibliography Citation Liu, Haiyong, Thomas Mroz and Wilbert van der Klaauw. "Maternal Employment, Migration, and Child Development." Journal of Econometrics 156,1 (May 2010): 212-228.

6.	MaCurdy, Thomas E. Mroz, Thomas Gritz, R. Mark
6.	An Evaluation of the National Longitudinal Survey on Youth Journal of Human Resources 33,2 (Spring 1998): 345-436. Also: http://www.jstor.org/stable/146435 Cohort(s): NLSY79 Publisher: University of Wisconsin Press Keyword(s): Attrition; Data Quality/Consistency; Labor Market Surveys; NLS Description; Welfare; Work History The National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY) has become one of the most widely used data sources for investigating many of the economic and demographic circumstances faced by young adults during the 1980s. The usefulness of the NLSY for empirical analyses relies on the presumption that these data are representative of the population of U.S. youths throughout the 1980s. As the NLSY approaches its third decade, researchers may be concerned about the ongoing representativeness of the NLSY due to the possibility of nonrandom attrition.
	Bibliography Citation MaCurdy, Thomas E., Thomas Mroz and R. Mark Gritz. "An Evaluation of the National Longitudinal Survey on Youth." Journal of Human Resources 33,2 (Spring 1998): 345-436.

7.	Mroz, Thomas Li, Guo
7.	A Monte Carlo Study of Migration and Child Educational Production: Aggregated vs. Disaggregated Resource Modeling Working Paper, Social Science Research Network (SSRN), February 2013. Also: http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2225473 Cohort(s): Children of the NLSY79, NLSY79 Publisher: Social Science Electronic Publishing, Inc. Keyword(s): Common Core of Data (CCD); Educational Outcomes; Endogeneity; Geocoded Data; Migration Patterns; Peabody Individual Achievement Test (PIAT- Math); School Characteristics/Rating/Safety Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. This paper studies the sensitivity of estimates on various assumptions about aggregation in modeling the school's effect in child educational production. Building a structural model to control the endogeneity of school qualities in the production function, the authors uses Monte Carlo simulations to evaluate the performance of a "correct" aggregation educational production model versus simple aggregation educational production model in estimating school resources' effect on academic outcome. Comparion of both specifications to the benchmark model without aggregation shows that the simple aggregation of school resources over a geographic area causes serious specification errors, and thus generate biased estimates for the marginal contribution of the school resources to test scores. Fortunately, such biasedness can be minimized by using the "correct" aggregation specification.
	Bibliography Citation Mroz, Thomas and Guo Li. "A Monte Carlo Study of Migration and Child Educational Production: Aggregated vs. Disaggregated Resource Modeling." Working Paper, Social Science Research Network (SSRN), February 2013.

8.	Mroz, Thomas Savage, Timothy Howard
8.	The Long-Term Effects of Youth Unemployment The Journal of Human Resources 41,2 (Spring 2006): 259-293. Also: http://www.jstor.org/stable/40057276 Cohort(s): NLSY79 Publisher: University of Wisconsin Press Keyword(s): Human Capital; Labor Market Outcomes; Unemployment; Youth Problems Using NLSY data, we examine the long-term effect of youth unemployment on later labor market outcomes. Involuntary unemployment may yield sub-optimal investments in human capital in the short run. A theoretical model of dynamic human capital investment predicts a rational "catch-up" response. Using semiparametric techniques to control for the endogeneity of prior behavior, our estimates provide strong evidence of this response. We also find evidence of persistence in unemployment. Combining our semiparametric estimates with a dynamic approximation to the lifecycle, we find that unemployment experienced as long ago as ten years continues to affect earnings adversely despite the catch-up response.
	Bibliography Citation Mroz, Thomas and Timothy Howard Savage. "The Long-Term Effects of Youth Unemployment." The Journal of Human Resources 41,2 (Spring 2006): 259-293.

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