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Author: Bradburn, Norman M.
Resulting in 6 citations.
1. Baker, Reginald P.
Bradburn, Norman M.
CAPI: Impacts on Data Quality and Survey Costs
In: Proceedings, 1991 Public Health Conference on Records and Statistics. Washington, DC: U.S. National Center for Health Statistics, 1992: pp. 459-464
Cohort(s): NLS General, NLSY79
Publisher: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Keyword(s): Computer Assisted Personal Interviewing (CAPI); Data Quality/Consistency; Interviewing Method; NLS Description

Some questions remain, however, about the impact of CAPI on the quality of survey data and about its cost. This paper focuses on these two critical issues. It describes a controlled experiment to detect mode effects and measure costs on a nationwide CAPI survey. The analysis it presents is very preliminary, but, we believe, provides an interesting overview of the types of benefits which CAPI surveys are likely to realize and the problems they may encounter.
Bibliography Citation
Baker, Reginald P. and Norman M. Bradburn. "CAPI: Impacts on Data Quality and Survey Costs" In: Proceedings, 1991 Public Health Conference on Records and Statistics. Washington, DC: U.S. National Center for Health Statistics, 1992: pp. 459-464
2. Bradburn, Norman M.
Frankel, Martin R.
Baker, Reginald P.
Pergamit, Michael R.
A Comparison of Computer-Assisted Personal Interviews (CAPI) with Paper-and-Pencil Interviews (PAPI) in the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth
NLS Discussion Paper No. 92-2, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Washington DC, May 1991.
Also: http://stats.bls.gov/ore/abstract/nl/nl910010.htm
Cohort(s): NLSY79
Publisher: U.S. Department of Labor
Keyword(s): Computer Assisted Personal Interviewing (CAPI); Data Quality/Consistency; Interviewing Method

In discussions of mode effects, the survey methodology literature distinguishes three modes of data collection-face-to-face, telephone and self-administered. There is an extensive literature on possible effects of collecting data by each of these modes because they appear to differ in fundamental ways. What has been less noticed, however, is that there are variations within each of these methods regarding whether or not they are computer-assisted; that is, whether the questionnaire is represented in electronic or paper-and-pencil form. There is a paucity of literature on within-mode effects of using computers to assist in the data collection process. We examined the differences for 139 variables between CAPI and PAPI cases in an experiment where assignments had been made randomly to mode of administration. Except for effects on interviewer errors that were programmed into the CAPI itself, in all of these comparisons we found only 4 differences that looked as if they might even approach statistical significance. This number is within the number that one might expect by chance when making multiple comparisons. There are a few differences, however, that deserve further study before rejecting them.
Bibliography Citation
Bradburn, Norman M., Martin R. Frankel, Reginald P. Baker and Michael R. Pergamit. "A Comparison of Computer-Assisted Personal Interviews (CAPI) with Paper-and-Pencil Interviews (PAPI) in the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth." NLS Discussion Paper No. 92-2, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Washington DC, May 1991.
3. Bradburn, Norman M.
Frankel, Martin R.
Hunt, Edwin
Ingels, Julia
A Comparison of Computer-Assisted Personal Interviews (CAPI) With Personal Interviews in the National Longitudinal Study of Labor Behavior-Youth Cohort
In: Proceedings, 1991 Annual Research Conference. Washington, DC: U.S. Bureau of the Census, 1991: pp. 389-397.
Also: http://stats.bls.gov/ore/abstract/nl/nl910010.htm
Cohort(s): NLS General, NLSY79
Publisher: U.S. Department of Commerce
Keyword(s): Behavior; Computer Assisted Personal Interviewing (CAPI); Data Quality/Consistency; Interviewing Method; NLS Description

The purpose of this experiment was to assess the effect of conducting interviews in Round 12 of the NLSY by the Computer-Assisted Personal Interview (CAPI) method as compared with the traditional paper-and-pencil personal interview method. The experiment was conducted on one-half of the total sample and excluded respondents who had to be interviewed outside the United States and/or in Spanish. Interviewers were assigned cases in the same geographical region and, where possible, were matched with respondents for ethnicity. Assignment to the proper experimental or control group was done through random assignment of interviewers. Thus the experiment reflects actual field practices. The paper will report on the operational problems in conducting the experiment.
Bibliography Citation
Bradburn, Norman M., Martin R. Frankel, Edwin Hunt and Julia Ingels. "A Comparison of Computer-Assisted Personal Interviews (CAPI) With Personal Interviews in the National Longitudinal Study of Labor Behavior-Youth Cohort" In: Proceedings, 1991 Annual Research Conference. Washington, DC: U.S. Bureau of the Census, 1991: pp. 389-397.
4. Bradburn, Norman M.
Frankel, Martin R.
Hunt, Edwin
Ingels, Julia
Schoua-Glusberg, A.
Wojcik, Mark S.
Pergamit, Michael R.
A Comparison of Computer-Assisted Personal Interviews (CAPI) With Personal Interviews in the National Longitudinal Survey of Labor Market Behavior-Youth Cohort
NLS Discussion Paper No. 92-2, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Washington DC, May 1991.
Also: http://stats.bls.gov/ore/abstract/nl/nl910010.htm
Cohort(s): NLSY79
Publisher: U.S. Department of Labor
Keyword(s): Computer Assisted Personal Interviewing (CAPI); Ethnic Groups/Ethnicity; Interviewing Method

The purpose of this experiment was to assess the effect of conducting interviews in Round 12 of the NLSY by the Computer-Assisted Personal Interview (CAPI) method as compared with the traditional paper-and-pencil personal interview method. The experiment was conducted on one-half of the total sample and excluded respondents who had to be interviewed outside the United States and/or in Spanish. Interviewers were assigned cases in the same geographical region and, where possible, were matched with respondents for ethnicity. Assignment to the proper experimental or control group was done through random assignment of interviewers. Thus the experiment reflects actual field practices. The paper will report on the operational problems in conducting the experiment.
Bibliography Citation
Bradburn, Norman M., Martin R. Frankel, Edwin Hunt, Julia Ingels, A. Schoua-Glusberg, Mark S. Wojcik and Michael R. Pergamit. "A Comparison of Computer-Assisted Personal Interviews (CAPI) With Personal Interviews in the National Longitudinal Survey of Labor Market Behavior-Youth Cohort." NLS Discussion Paper No. 92-2, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Washington DC, May 1991.
5. Bradburn, Norman M.
Wojcik, Mark S.
Schoua-Glusberg, A.
Pergamit, Michael R.
Frankel, Martin R.
Ingels, Julia
Hunt, Edwin
Baker, Reginald P.
Two Papers on the Use of Computer-Assisted Personal Interviews in the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth
NLS Discussion Paper No. 92-2, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Washington DC, May 1991
Cohort(s): NLS General
Publisher: U.S. Department of Labor
Keyword(s): Behavior; Computer Assisted Personal Interviewing (CAPI); Data Quality/Consistency; Interviewing Method

In discussions of mode effects, the survey methodology literature distinguishes three modes of data collection--face-to-face, telephone and self-administered. There is an extensive literature on possible effects of collecting data by each of these modes because they appear to differ in fundamental ways. What has been less noticed, however, is that there are variations within each of these methods regarding whether or not they are computer-assisted; that is, whether the questionnaire is represented in electronic or paper-and-pencil form. There is a paucity of literature on within-mode effects of using computers to assist in the data collection process. [?] In discussing mode effects, we can distinguish among three types of effects--those that change the interviewer's behavior, those that change the respondent's behavior, and those that change in the interaction between the interviewer and the respondent. The most obvious effects of CAPI are those that change the interviewer's behavior because it is the interviewer that is most affected by a change from PAPI to CAPI. Indeed, it is not immediately obvious that there should be any effect on respondents' behavior because, from their point of view, they are getting the same questionnaire as they would if the interviewer were working with a paper-and-pencil representation. The use of a computer for recording answers, however, may change the way respondents view the task and thus have an impact on their behavior. Finally, reading questions off a computer screen and typing in responses may change the quality of the interaction between interviewer and respondent, for example by reduced eye contact or an increased formality in which the computer becomes a third party to the interview.
Bibliography Citation
Bradburn, Norman M., Mark S. Wojcik, A. Schoua-Glusberg, Michael R. Pergamit, Martin R. Frankel, Julia Ingels, Edwin Hunt and Reginald P. Baker. "Two Papers on the Use of Computer-Assisted Personal Interviews in the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth." NLS Discussion Paper No. 92-2, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Washington DC, May 1991.
6. Mackie, Christopher
Bradburn, Norman M.
Improving Access to and Confidentiality of Research Data
Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 2000.
Also: http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=9958
Cohort(s): Children of the NLSY79, NLSY79
Publisher: National Academy of Sciences (NAS), United States
Keyword(s): Child Care; Children, Well-Being; Neighborhood Effects; Residence

Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher.

Report of a Workshop on Confidentiality of and Access to Data Research Files
Committee on National Statistics, Commission on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education, National Research Council

The Committee on National Statistics (CNSTAT), in consultation with the Institute of Medicine, convened a two-day workshop on October 14-15, 1999 to identify ways to advance the often conflicting goals of exploiting the research potential of micro-data while maintaining the appearance and reality of preserving confidentiality. Special attention was given to longitudinal data that have been linked to administrative records, because such data have greater research potential but are also more vulnerable to disclosures. The workshop brought together data producers from federal agencies and research organizations; data users, including academic researchers; and experts in statistical disclosure limitation techniques, confidentiality policies and administrative and legal procedures. Norman Bradburn, National Opinion Research Center, chaired the workshop.

The purpose of this workshop was to review the benefits and risks of providing public use research data files and to explore alternative procedures for restricting access to such data, especially longitudinal survey data that have been linked to administrative records. The workshop discussions addressed the impact of measures designed to reduce disclosure risk on each group involved--survey respondents, data producers, and data users. Workshop participants identified best current practices and suggested improvements to maximize the social return on investments in such databases, while fully complying with legal and ethical requirements.

The workshop discussion accomplished several goals:

  • reviewed current practices and concerns of federal agencies and other data producing organizations;
  • reviewed the types of research that are enhanced, or only made possible, using linked lon gitudinal data;
  • provided an overview of administrative arrangements to preserve confidentiality;
  • identified ways to foster data accessibility in secondary analysis; and
  • assessed the utility of statistical methods for limiting disclosure risk.

The Committee prepared a report covering workshop proceedings, which will include presentation and discussion summaries, and suggestions for future research. This report will be published in September 2000.

Plans are underway for developing follow-on activities to this workshop that could include convening a panel that would oversee one or more workshops and would then write a report with recommendations. It seems likely that future work would shift the focus away from what agencies are currently doing--which, after the first workshop, is fairly clear--and toward looking in more detail at: (1) cutting edge statistical techniques for manipulating data in ways that preserve important statistical properties and allow for broader general data release; (2) new, less burdensome ways (e.g., internet, remote access etc.) of providing researchers with access to restricted data sets; (3) researcher reaction to these potential new directions; and (4) the issue of licensing coupled with graduated civil and criminal penalties for infringement. Future efforts would focus more carefully on longitudinal microdata.

This activity is sponsored by the National Institute on Aging, the Agency for Health Care Policy and Research, the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the National Library of Medicine, the Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Office of Planning and Evaluation of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, and the Social Security Administration

Bibliography Citation
Mackie, Christopher and Norman M. Bradburn. Improving Access to and Confidentiality of Research Data. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 2000..