In round 1, respondents who did not live with a parent or guardian at the time of the survey were asked about the source of any health insurance coverage that included physician or hospital care in the Youth Questionnaire (YHEA-1900). For respondents living with a parent or guardian, health insurance information was collected through the child health section of the Parent Questionnaire (PC9-050). Beginning in round 6, respondents were asked questions about health insurance coverage, including whether they currently had health care coverage (YHEA-1910) and whether there was any period in the past year during which they did/didn't have coverage (YHEA-1920/YHEA-1930).

Also beginning in round 1, the Employment section of the questionnaire asked respondents whether their employer made benefits available, including medical, surgical, or hospitalization insurance covering off-the-job injuries or major illnesses, as well as dental benefits (YEMP-100300). Beginning in round 9, follow-up questions were added to ask whether respondents participated in the medical, surgical, or hospitalization insurance their employer made available and, if not, the reasons for nonparticipation (YEMP-100300B/YEMP-100300C).