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Source: Journal of Public Economics

Resulting in 8 citations.

1.	Aizer, Anna
1.	Home Alone: Supervision After School and Child Behavior Journal of Public Economics 88, 9-10 ( August, 2004): 1835-1848. Also: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0047272703000227 Cohort(s): Children of the NLSY79, NLSY79 Publisher: Elsevier Keyword(s): Adolescent Behavior; Behavior Problems Index (BPI); Behavioral Problems; Child Care; Child Self-Administered Supplement (CSAS); Delinquency/Gang Activity; Deviance; Maternal Employment As female participation in the labor force continues to grow in the US, so too does reliance on non-parental child care. However, the high cost of child care has impeded the ability of many working mothers to find sufficient child care for their children. As a result, as recently as 1998 over eight million children ages five to fourteen spent time without adult supervision on a regular basis in the US. I examine the effect of the lack of adult supervision after school on panel of school-age children using ordinary least squares and fixed effect estimation. I find that children with adult supervision are less likely to skip school, use alcohol or marijuana, steal something or hurt someone. These findings suggest that expanding after school or child care programs typically geared to preschool age children to accommodate more school age children may have important consequences for their human capital development and labor market outcomes later in life.
	Bibliography Citation Aizer, Anna. "Home Alone: Supervision After School and Child Behavior." Journal of Public Economics 88, 9-10 ( August, 2004): 1835-1848.

2.	Currie, Janet Thomas, Duncan
2.	Does Head Start Help Hispanic Children? Journal of Public Economics 74,2 (November 1999): 235-262. Also: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0047272799000274 Cohort(s): Children of the NLSY79, NLSY79 Publisher: Elsevier Keyword(s): Childhood Education, Early; Children, Preschool; Educational Attainment; Head Start; Hispanics; Immigrants; Peabody Individual Achievement Test (PIAT- Math); Peabody Individual Achievement Test (PIAT- Reading); Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (PPVT); Siblings; Test Scores/Test theory/IRT Poor educational attainment is a persistent problem among US hispanic children, relative to non-hispanics. Many of these children are immigrants and/or come from households that use a minority language in the home. This paper examines the effects of participation in a government sponsored preschool program called Head Start on these children. We find that large and significant benefits accrue to Head Start children when we compare them to siblings who did not participate in the program. On average, Head Start closes at least 1/4 of the gap in test scores between hispanic children and non-hispanic white children, and 2/3 of the gap in the probability of grade repetition. However, we find that the benefits of Head Start are not evenly distributed across sub-groups.
	Bibliography Citation Currie, Janet and Duncan Thomas. "Does Head Start Help Hispanic Children?" Journal of Public Economics 74,2 (November 1999): 235-262.

3.	Diamond, Peter A. Hausman, Jerry A.
3.	Individual Retirement and Savings Behavior Journal of Public Economics 23,1-2 (February-March 1984): 81-114. Also: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0047272784900689 Cohort(s): Older Men Publisher: Elsevier Keyword(s): Early Retirement; Event History; Income; Life Cycle Research; Pensions; Retirement/Retirement Planning; Social Security The National Longitudinal Survey (NLS) of Mature Men is examined to determine the extent of low wealth holdings. In 1966, about 7.6% of men aged 45-59 reported negative net wealth, while another 12.1% reported nonnegative net wealth below $1,000. The analysis is continued on the premise that the life-cycle theory is applicable only to part of the population. Further examination of the data indicates the presence of considerable variation in individual propensities to save. An individual model of wealth accumulation is estimated with the first 10 years of panel data from the NLS. The presence of pension and Social Security benefits has a significant effect on retirement behavior. Individuals who prefer to retire early should have greater savings propensities. The savings-to-permanent-income ratio rises with permanent income in a sharply nonlinear fashion. (ABI/Inform)
	Bibliography Citation Diamond, Peter A. and Jerry A. Hausman. "Individual Retirement and Savings Behavior." Journal of Public Economics 23,1-2 (February-March 1984): 81-114.

4.	Fone, Zachary S. Sabia, Joseph J. Cesur, Resul
4.	The Unintended Effects of Minimum Wage Increases on Crime Journal of Public Economics 219 (March 2023): 104780. Also: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0047272722001827 Cohort(s): NLSY97 Publisher: Elsevier Keyword(s): Arrests; Crime; Job Separation/Loss; Minimum Wage; Uniform Crime Reports The availability of higher-paying jobs for low-skilled individuals has been documented to reduce crime. This study explores the impact of one of the most prominent labor policies designed to provide higher wages for low-skilled workers -- the minimum wage -- on teenage and young adult arrests. Using data from the 1998-2016 Uniform Crime Reports and a difference-in-differences approach, we find that a 1 percent increase in the minimum wage is associated with a 0.2 to 0.3 percent increase in property crime arrests among 16-to-24-year-olds, an effect driven by an increase in larceny-related arrests. The magnitudes of our estimated elasticities suggest that a $15 Federal minimum wage, proposed as part of the Raise the Wage Act, could generate approximately 309,000 additional larcenies. Job loss emerges as an important mechanism to explain our findings, and supplemental analyses of affected workers in the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 show that this effect is concentrated among workers bound by minimum wage increases. Finally, we find no evidence that minimum wage hikes impact violent crime arrests.
	Bibliography Citation Fone, Zachary S., Joseph J. Sabia and Resul Cesur. "The Unintended Effects of Minimum Wage Increases on Crime." Journal of Public Economics 219 (March 2023): 104780.

5.	Heckman, James J. Moon, Seong Hyeok Pinto, Rodrigo Savelyev, Peter A. Yavitz, Adam
5.	The Rate of Return to the Highscope Perry Preschool Program Journal of Public Economics 94,1-2 (February 2010): 114-128. Also: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0047272709001418 Cohort(s): NLSY79 Publisher: Elsevier Keyword(s): Aid for Families with Dependent Children (AFDC); Armed Forces Qualifications Test (AFQT); Comparison Group (Reference group); Earnings; Food Stamps (see Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program); Head Start; Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID); Preschool Children; Record Linkage (also see Data Linkage); Welfare This paper estimates the rate of return to the HighScope Perry Preschool Program, an early intervention program targeted toward disadvantaged African-American youth. Estimates of the rate of return to the Perry program are widely cited to support the claim of substantial economic benefits from preschool education programs. Previous studies of the rate of return to this program ignore the compromises that occurred in the randomization protocol. They do not report standard errors. The rates of return estimated in this paper account for these factors. We conduct an extensive analysis of sensitivity to alternative plausible assumptions. Estimated annual social rates of return generally fall between 7 and 10%, with most estimates substantially lower than those previously reported in the literature. However, returns are generally statistically significantly different from zero for both males and females and are above the historical return on equity. Estimated benefit-to-cost ratios support this conclusion.
	Bibliography Citation Heckman, James J., Seong Hyeok Moon, Rodrigo Pinto, Peter A. Savelyev and Adam Yavitz. "The Rate of Return to the Highscope Perry Preschool Program ." Journal of Public Economics 94,1-2 (February 2010): 114-128.

6.	Levine, Phillip B. Zimmerman, David J.
6.	Children's Welfare Exposure and Subsequent Development Journal of Public Economics 89,1 (January 2005): 31-56. Also: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0047272704000040 Cohort(s): Children of the NLSY79, NLSY79 Publisher: Elsevier Keyword(s): Behavior Problems Index (BPI); Behavior, Antisocial; Behavioral Problems; Child Development; Ethnic Differences; Hispanics; Modeling, Fixed Effects; Peabody Individual Achievement Test (PIAT- Math); Peabody Individual Achievement Test (PIAT- Reading); Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (PPVT); Racial Differences; Siblings; Variables, Instrumental; Welfare We examine the extent to which children are exposed to the welfare system through their mother's receipt of benefits and its impact on several developmental outcomes. Using data from the matched mother-child file from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY), we find that children's welfare exposure is substantial. By age 10, over one-third of all children will have lived in a welfare household; black, non-Hispanic children face a much higher rate of exposure. Simple correlations suggest a strong negative relationship between maternal welfare receipt and children's outcomes. In this paper, we implement three alternative strategies (instrumental variables, sibling differences, and child fixed effects models) designed to identify whether this correlation can be attributed to the mother's welfare receipt directly or to other characteristics of mothers who receive welfare, regardless of whether or not those characteristics are observable to the researcher. Based on the results of all three estimation strategies, we find little evidence of any causal link between maternal welfare receipt and children's developmental outcomes.
	Bibliography Citation Levine, Phillip B. and David J. Zimmerman. "Children's Welfare Exposure and Subsequent Development." Journal of Public Economics 89,1 (January 2005): 31-56.

7.	Powers, Elizabeth T.
7.	Does Mean-Testing Welfare Discourage Saving? Evidence from a Change in AFDC Policy in the United States Journal of Public Economics 68,1 (April 1998): 33-53. Also: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S004727279700087X Cohort(s): Young Women Publisher: Elsevier Keyword(s): Aid for Families with Dependent Children (AFDC); Household Structure; Savings; Welfare Empirical evidence is provided on the impact of a welfare program's asset test on the saving behavior of its target population. The approach exploits a policy experiment; the essential federalization of the AFDC program's asset-testing policy in 1981. Data on female-headed households from the National Longitudinal Survey - Young Women are used to test the hypothesis that likely AFDC users adjusted their asset stocks in response to this change. The findings indicate additional saving between 1978 and 1983 of about 25 cents for each additional $1 increase in the limit in most states.
	Bibliography Citation Powers, Elizabeth T. "Does Mean-Testing Welfare Discourage Saving? Evidence from a Change in AFDC Policy in the United States." Journal of Public Economics 68,1 (April 1998): 33-53.

8.	Reisinger, James
8.	Subjective Well-being and Social Desirability Journal of Public Economics 214 (October 2022): 104745. Also: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0047272722001475 Cohort(s): NLSY79, NLSY79 Young Adult, NLSY97 Publisher: Elsevier Keyword(s): Depression (see also CESD); Research Methodology; Well-Being Survey measures of depression are increasingly used by economics researchers to provide a nuanced account of well-being. I show that levels of depression reported using such measures are significantly understated and levels of happiness significantly overstated in survey interviews conducted using a response mode that does not allow for anonymous reporting compared to a mode that does in three longitudinal surveys widely used in economics research. I exploit randomized assignment to survey mode, as well as panel methods, to show that this reflects the causal effect of survey mode, not selection. The difference in reported depression and happiness between modes is comparable to the difference between individuals in the 25th and 75th income percentiles. This finding suggests perceptions of social desirability may substantially bias measures of subjective well-being.
	Bibliography Citation Reisinger, James. "Subjective Well-being and Social Desirability." Journal of Public Economics 214 (October 2022): 104745.

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