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Author: Kochunov, Peter
Resulting in 3 citations.
1. Coyle, Thomas R.
Pillow, David R.
Snyder, Anissa
Kochunov, Peter
Processing Speed Mediates the Development of General Intelligence (g) in Adolescence
Psychological Science 22,10 (October 2011): 1265-1269.
Also: http://pss.sagepub.com/content/22/10/1265.abstract
Cohort(s): NLSY97
Publisher: Sage Publications
Keyword(s): Armed Services Vocational Aptitude Battery (ASVAB); Cognitive Ability; g Factor; I.Q.; Intelligence; Modeling, Structural Equation; Test Scores/Test theory/IRT; Tests and Testing

Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher.

In the research reported here, we examined whether processing speed mediates the development of general intelligence (g) in adolescence. Using the Armed Services Vocational Aptitude Battery, a battery of 12 diverse cognitive tests, we assessed processing speed and g in a large sample of 13- to 17-year-olds obtained from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (N = 6,969). The direct effect of age on g was small compared with the total effect of age on g, which was almost fully mediated through speed. The results suggest that increases in g in adolescence can be attributed to increases in mental speed.
Bibliography Citation
Coyle, Thomas R., David R. Pillow, Anissa Snyder and Peter Kochunov. "Processing Speed Mediates the Development of General Intelligence (g) in Adolescence ." Psychological Science 22,10 (October 2011): 1265-1269.
2. Coyle, Thomas R.
Purcell, Jason M.
Snyder, Anissa
Kochunov, Peter
Non-g Residuals of the SAT and ACT Predict Specific Abilities
Intelligence 41,2 (March-April 2013): 114-120.
Also: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160289612001444#sec2.1
Cohort(s): NLSY97
Publisher: Elsevier
Keyword(s): Armed Services Vocational Aptitude Battery (ASVAB); Cognitive Ability; g Factor; Test Scores/Test theory/IRT; Tests and Testing

This research examined whether non-g residuals of the SAT and ACT subtests, obtained after removing g, predicted specific abilities. Non-g residuals of the verbal and math subtests of the SAT and ACT were correlated with academic (verbal and math) and non-academic abilities (speed and shop), both based on the Armed Services Vocational Aptitude Battery. Non-g residuals of the SAT and ACT math subtests were positively related to math ability and negatively to verbal ability, whereas the opposite pattern was found for the verbal subtests. Non-g residuals of both sets of subtests were weakly related to non-academic abilities. The results support an investment theory of skills and abilities: Investing in skills in one area (e.g., math) improves abilities in that area but lowers abilities in competing areas (e.g., verbal).
Bibliography Citation
Coyle, Thomas R., Jason M. Purcell, Anissa Snyder and Peter Kochunov. "Non-g Residuals of the SAT and ACT Predict Specific Abilities." Intelligence 41,2 (March-April 2013): 114-120.
3. Coyle, Thomas R.
Snyder, Anissa
Pillow, David R.
Kochunov, Peter
SAT Predicts GPA Better for High Ability Subjects: Implications for Spearman's Law of Diminishing Returns
Personality and Individual Differences 50,4 (April 2011): 470-474.
Also: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0191886910005477
Cohort(s): NLSY97
Publisher: Elsevier
Keyword(s): Armed Services Vocational Aptitude Battery (ASVAB); Cognitive Ability; g Factor; Tests and Testing

This research examined the predictive validity of the SAT (formerly, the Scholastic Aptitude Test) for high and low ability groups. SAT scores and college GPAs were obtained from the 1997 National Longitudinal Survey of Youth. Subjects were classified as high or low ability by g factor scores from the Armed Services Vocational Aptitude Battery. SAT correlations with GPA were higher for high than low ability subjects. SAT g loadings (i.e., SAT correlations with g) were equivalent for both groups. This is the first study to show that the predictive validity of the SAT varies for ability groups that differ in g. The results contradict a presumption, based on Spearman's Law of Diminishing Returns, that a test's predictive validity should be lower for high ability subjects. Further research is needed to identify factors that contribute to the predictive validity of the SAT for groups that differing. [Copyright © Elsevier]

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Bibliography Citation
Coyle, Thomas R., Anissa Snyder, David R. Pillow and Peter Kochunov. "SAT Predicts GPA Better for High Ability Subjects: Implications for Spearman's Law of Diminishing Returns." Personality and Individual Differences 50,4 (April 2011): 470-474.