Search Results
Author: Kadowaki, Joy
Resulting in 4 citations.
| 1. |
Vuolo, Mike Kadowaki, Joy Kelly, Brian |
|
A Multilevel Test of Constrained Choices Theory: The Case of Tobacco Clean Air Restrictions Journal of Health and Social Behavior 57,3 (September 2016): 351-372. Also: http://hsb.sagepub.com/content/57/3/351.abstract Cohort(s): NLSY97 Publisher: American Sociological Association Keyword(s): Geocoded Data; Legislation; Smoking (see Cigarette Use); State-Level Data/Policy Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. According to Bird and Rieker's sociology of constrained choices, decisions and priorities concerning health are shaped by the contexts--including policy, community, and work/family--in which they are formulated. While each level received attention in the original and subsequent research, we contend their constrained choices theory provides a powerful multilevel framework for modeling health outcomes. We apply this framework to tobacco clean air restrictions, combining a comprehensive database of tobacco policies with the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 from ages 19 to 31. Using multilevel panel models, we find that clean air policies lower the odds of past 30 day smoking and dependence while controlling for other policy-, city-, and individual-level constraints. We also find unique between- and within-person effects, as well as gender effects, for the constraint levied by smoking bans. We argue for the theory's broad applicability beyond commonly cited findings regarding gender and biological influences. |
|
|
Bibliography Citation
Vuolo, Mike, Joy Kadowaki and Brian Kelly. "A Multilevel Test of Constrained Choices Theory: The Case of Tobacco Clean Air Restrictions." Journal of Health and Social Behavior 57,3 (September 2016): 351-372.
|
| 2. |
Vuolo, Mike Kelly, Brian Kadowaki, Joy |
|
Impact of Total Vending Machine Restrictions on U.S. Young Adult Smoking Nicotine and Tobacco Research 18,11 (2016): 2092-2099. Also: http://ntr.oxfordjournals.org/content/18/11/2092 Cohort(s): NLSY97 Publisher: Oxford University Press Keyword(s): Geocoded Data; Legislation; Smoking (see Cigarette Use) Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. Introduction: In an analysis of smoking using a longitudinal sample of U.S. young adults, we extend research on tobacco vending machine restrictions beyond its prior focus on minors by examining the influence of total vending machine restrictions, which apply to adult-only facilities and represents the only remaining vending machine exemption since the enactment of the Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act. We identify whether the passage of a restriction influences an individual's smoking on repeated observations, and if the propensity is lower among those who live in locations with a restriction. Methods: Combining a repository of U.S. tobacco policies at all geographic levels with the nationally-representative geocoded National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 and Census data, we use multilevel logistic regression to examine the impact of total vending machine restrictions on any past 30 day smoking and past 30 day smoking of one pack per day among young adults (ages 19-31), while accounting for other tobacco control policy, community, and individual covariates. Results: We find that total vending machine restrictions decrease any recent smoking (OR=0.451; p<.01), net of other covariates. Though the passage of a restriction does not alter an individual’s smoking over time, living longer in an area that has a restriction lowers the propensity that an individual will smoke at all (OR=0.442; p<.05). We find no effect of total vending machine restrictions on smoking a pack daily. |
|
|
Bibliography Citation
Vuolo, Mike, Brian Kelly and Joy Kadowaki. "Impact of Total Vending Machine Restrictions on U.S. Young Adult Smoking." Nicotine and Tobacco Research 18,11 (2016): 2092-2099.
|
| 3. |
Vuolo, Mike Kelly, Brian Kadowaki, Joy |
|
Independent and Interactive Effects of Smoking Bans and Tobacco Taxes on a Cohort of US Young Adults American Journal of Public Health 106,2 (February 2016): 374-380. Also: http://ajph.aphapublications.org/doi/abs/10.2105/AJPH.2015.302968 Cohort(s): NLSY97 Publisher: American Public Health Association Keyword(s): Geocoded Data; Smoking (see Cigarette Use); State-Level Data/Policy; Taxes Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. Objectives: We examined the mutual effects of smoking bans and taxes on smoking among a longitudinal cohort of young adults. Methods: We combined a repository of US tobacco policies at the state and local level with the nationally representative geocoded National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 (2004–2011) from ages 19 to 31 years and Census data, to examine the impact of tobacco policies on any current and daily pack smoking. The analytic sample amounts to 19,668 observations among 4341 individuals within 487 cities. Results: For current smoking, we found significant effects for comprehensive smoking bans, but not excise taxes. We also found an interaction effect, with bans being most effective in locales with no or low taxes. For daily pack smoking, we found significant effects for taxes, but limited support for bans. Conclusions: Social smoking among young adults is primarily inhibited by smoking bans, but excise taxes only deter such smoking in the absence of a ban. Heavy smokers are primarily deterred by taxes. Although both policies have an impact on young adult smoking behaviors, their dual presence does not intensify each policy's efficacy. |
|
|
Bibliography Citation
Vuolo, Mike, Brian Kelly and Joy Kadowaki. "Independent and Interactive Effects of Smoking Bans and Tobacco Taxes on a Cohort of US Young Adults." American Journal of Public Health 106,2 (February 2016): 374-380.
|
| 4. |
Vuolo, Mike Kelly, Brian Kadowaki, Joy |
|
The Impact of Clean Air Policies on Smoking Among a National Longitudinal Panel of U.S. Young Adults Presented: Dublin, Ireland, Society for Longitudinal and Life Course Studies (SLLS) International Conference, October 2015 Cohort(s): NLSY97 Publisher: Society for Longitudinal and Life Course Studies Keyword(s): Geocoded Data; Life Course; Smoking (see Cigarette Use); State-Level Data/Policy Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. Restrictions on smoking in public places has become a major global public health initiative over the past decade. To assess their impact, we examine the effect of comprehensive clean air policies on the prob ability of young adult cigarette use from ages 19-32 across the U.S. We combine a database of every tobacco policy among states and cities with the geocoded National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997, an annual nationally representative survey of adolescents aged 12-16 during 1997 (n=8,984). In this respect, we trace the impact of these clean-air policies from adolescence through young adulthood. Using a multilevel panel model, we find that comprehensive clean air policies lower the odds of any smoking (OR=0.788, p<.05) and smoking a pack per day (OR=0.652, p<.01) during the past 30 days, while controlling for numerous other factors at both the city and individual levels. Taking advantage of longitudinal policy data, we decompose policy into within-and between-person effects, finding that the effect on any smoking has a within-person effect; that is, a clean air policy affects a given person's odds of any smoking over time (OR=0.774, p<.05). By contrast, we see a between-person effect on daily pack smoking, such that policies distinguish between individuals who smoke at this level (OR=0.428, p<.01), but do not affect a specific person's use. We situate these findings within Bird and Rieker’s (2008) Constrained Choices framework, which states that decisions and priorities concerning health are shaped by the contexts, including policy, community, and work and family, in which they are formulated. We demonstrate that policies restricting public smoking influence tobacco use over time even in the face of proximal constraints. Further, the results underscore the efficacy of clean air policies on young adult smoking behaviors throughout a critical point in the life course. |
|
|
Bibliography Citation
Vuolo, Mike, Brian Kelly and Joy Kadowaki. "The Impact of Clean Air Policies on Smoking Among a National Longitudinal Panel of U.S. Young Adults." Presented: Dublin, Ireland, Society for Longitudinal and Life Course Studies (SLLS) International Conference, October 2015. |