Search Results
Author: Brownell, Peter B.
Resulting in 3 citations.
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Rendall, Michael S. Weden, Margaret M. Lau, Christopher Brownell, Peter B. Nazarov, Zafar Fernandes, Meenakshi |
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Evaluation of Bias in Estimates of Early Childhood Obesity From Parent-Reported Heights and Weights American Journal of Public Health 104,7 (July 2014): 1255-1262. Also: http://ajph.aphapublications.org/doi/full/10.2105/AJPH.2014.302001 Cohort(s): Children of the NLSY79 Publisher: American Public Health Association Keyword(s): Body Mass Index (BMI); Child Health; Data Quality/Consistency; Height; Obesity; Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID); Weight Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. Objectives: We evaluated bias in estimated obesity prevalence owing to error in parental reporting. We also evaluated bias mitigation through application of Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s biologically implausible value (BIV) cutoffs. Methods: We simulated obesity prevalence of children aged 2 to 5 years in 2 panel surveys after counterfactually substituting parameters estimated from 1999-2008 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data for prevalence of extreme height and weight and for proportions obese in extreme height or weight categories. Results: Heights reported below the first and fifth height-for-age percentiles explained between one half and two thirds, respectively, of total bias in obesity prevalence. Bias was reduced by one tenth when excluding cases with height-for-age and weight-for-age BIVs and by one fifth when excluding cases with body mass–index-for-age BIVs. Applying BIVs, however, resulted in incorrect exclusion of nonnegligible proportions of obese children. Conclusions: Correcting the reporting of children's heights in the first percentile alone may reduce overestimation of early childhood obesity prevalence in surveys with parental reporting by one half to two thirds. Excluding BIVs has limited effectiveness in mitigating this bias. |
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Bibliography Citation
Rendall, Michael S., Margaret M. Weden, Christopher Lau, Peter B. Brownell, Zafar Nazarov and Meenakshi Fernandes. "Evaluation of Bias in Estimates of Early Childhood Obesity From Parent-Reported Heights and Weights." American Journal of Public Health 104,7 (July 2014): 1255-1262.
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| 2. |
Weden, Margaret M. Brownell, Peter B. Rendall, Michael S. |
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Prenatal, Perinatal, Early Life, and Sociodemographic Factors Underlying Racial Differences in the Likelihood of High Body Mass Index in Early Childhood American Journal of Public Health 102,11 (November 2012): 2057-2067. Also: http://ajph.aphapublications.org/doi/full/10.2105/AJPH.2012.300686 Cohort(s): Children of the NLSY79, NLSY79 Publisher: American Public Health Association Keyword(s): Body Mass Index (BMI); Breastfeeding; Child Care; Early Childhood Longitudinal Study (ECLS-B, ECLS-K); Obesity; Pre-natal Care/Exposure; Pre/post Natal Behavior; Racial Differences; Weight Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. Objectives. We investigated early childhood disparities in high body mass index (BMI) between Black and White US children. Methods. We compared differences in Black and White children’s prevalence of sociodemographic, prenatal, perinatal, and early life risk and protective factors; fit logistic regression models predicting high BMI (≥ 95th percentile) at age 4 to 5 years to 2 nationally representative samples followed from birth; and performed separate and pooled-survey estimations of these models. Results. After adjustment for sample design–related variables, models predicting high BMI in the 2 samples were statistically indistinguishable. In the pooled-survey models, Black children's odds of high BMI were 59% higher than White children's (odds ratio [OR] = 1.59; 95% confidence interval [CI]= 1.32, 1.92). Sociodemographic predictors reduced the racial disparity to 46% (OR = 1.46; 95% CI = 1.17, 1.81). Prenatal, perinatal, and early life predictors reduced the disparity to nonsignificance (OR = 1.18; 95% CI = 0.93, 1.49). Maternal prepregnancy obesity and short-duration or no breastfeeding were among predictors for which racial differences in children’s exposures most disadvantaged Black children. Conclusions. Racial disparities in early childhood high BMI were largely explained by potentially modifiable risk and protective factors. |
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Bibliography Citation
Weden, Margaret M., Peter B. Brownell and Michael S. Rendall. "Prenatal, Perinatal, Early Life, and Sociodemographic Factors Underlying Racial Differences in the Likelihood of High Body Mass Index in Early Childhood." American Journal of Public Health 102,11 (November 2012): 2057-2067.
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| 3. |
Weden, Margaret M. Brownell, Peter B. Rendall, Michael S. Lau, Christopher Fernandes, Meenakshi Nazarov, Zafar |
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Parent-Reported Height and Weight as Sources of Bias in Survey Estimates of Childhood Obesity American Journal of Epidemiology 178,3 (1 August 2013): 461-473. Also: http://aje.oxfordjournals.org/content/178/3/461.abstract Cohort(s): Children of the NLSY79 Publisher: Johns Hopkins University Press Keyword(s): Body Mass Index (BMI); Child Health; Data Quality/Consistency; Height; Obesity; Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID); Weight Parental reporting of height and weight was evaluated for US children aged 2–13 years. The prevalence of obesity (defined as a body mass index value (calculated as weight (kg)/height (m)2) in the 95th percentile or higher) and its height and weight components were compared in child supplements of 2 nationally representative surveys: the 1996–2008 Children of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 Cohort (NLSY79-Child) and the 1997 Child Development Supplement of the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID-CDS). Sociodemographic differences in parent reporting error were analyzed. Error was largest for children aged 2–5 years. Underreporting of height, not overreporting of weight, generated a strong upward bias in obesity prevalence at those ages. Frequencies of parent-reported heights below the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (Atlanta, Georgia) first percentile were implausibly high at 16.5% (95% confidence interval (CI): 14.3, 19.0) in the NLSY79-Child and 20.6% (95% CI: 16.0, 26.3) in the PSID-CDS. They were highest among low-income children at 33.2% (95% CI: 22.4, 46.1) in the PSID-CDS and 26.2% (95% CI: 20.2, 33.2) in the NLSY79-Child. Bias in the reporting of obesity decreased with children's age and reversed direction at ages 12–13 years. Underreporting of weight increased with age, and underreporting of height decreased with age. We recommend caution to researchers who use parent-reported heights, especially for very young children, and offer practical solutions for survey data collection and research on child obesity. |
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Bibliography Citation
Weden, Margaret M., Peter B. Brownell, Michael S. Rendall, Christopher Lau, Meenakshi Fernandes and Zafar Nazarov. "Parent-Reported Height and Weight as Sources of Bias in Survey Estimates of Childhood Obesity." American Journal of Epidemiology 178,3 (1 August 2013): 461-473.
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