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Title: Not Without a Price: The Influence of Conviction on Illegal Earnings
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Parker, Brandy R. Fry, Sarah V. |
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Not Without a Price: The Influence of Conviction on Illegal Earnings Presented: Montreal, QC, American Sociological Association Annual Meeting, August 2017 Cohort(s): NLSY79 Publisher: American Sociological Association Keyword(s): Crime; Criminal Justice System; Earnings Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. Research on the effectiveness of criminal justice sanctions as a deterrent for crime is mixed but tends to suggest sanctions have either a null or criminogenic effect on future offending. Moreover, a growing literature documents negative impacts of criminal justice sanctions on the acquisition of conventional capital. This is problematic because conventional capital acquisition should promote desistance from crime, leading to the question of whether sanctions promote persistence or desistance from crime, and whether a lack of success in conventional pursuits encourages selection into and success in criminal labor markets. Bridging research on sanctions, blocked opportunities, crime and the life course, and criminal achievement we ask two questions. First, do sanctions influence selection into and success in illegal earnings? Second, if an association between sanctions and illegal earnings exists, can it be partially explained by a lack of conventional capital acquisition? We use waves 2 through 7 of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 (NLSY97) to address our research questions. Findings reveal criminal conviction to be a consistent and powerful predictor of both selection into and the amount earned through illegal activities among late adolescent and young adult males. Moreover, part of the association between the two appears to work through a lack of accumulated conventional capital, though indicators of criminal capital and embeddedness also help explain the link between sanctions and illegal earnings. Results are discussed in light of policy and theoretical implications. |
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Bibliography Citation
Parker, Brandy R. and Sarah V. Fry. "Not Without a Price: The Influence of Conviction on Illegal Earnings." Presented: Montreal, QC, American Sociological Association Annual Meeting, August 2017. |