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Author: Parker, Brandy R.
Resulting in 2 citations.
1. Parker, Brandy R.
Fry, Sarah V.
Does Incarceration Influence Future Illegal Earnings? Examining Within-Person Changes in Incarceration Status and Illegal Earnings
Presented: New Orleans LA, American Society of Criminology Annual Meeting, November 2016
Cohort(s): NLSY97
Publisher: American Society of Criminology
Keyword(s): Adolescent Behavior; Crime; Delinquency/Gang Activity; Earnings; Incarceration/Jail; Life Course

Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher.

The life course perspective emphasizes "turning points" or events and transitions in the lives of individuals that substantially alter life trajectories. Much research exists to support the assertions that formerly incarcerated offenders are blocked from success in legal markets, which suggests that incarceration may serve as a turning point. However, despite the large body of research examining the effect of incarceration on legal earnings and a growing consensus that incarceration has either null or criminogenic effects at the individual level, there are relatively few studies that have examined the potential impact of incarceration on illegal earnings. Using the first 7 waves of data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997, we examine both binary and continuous measures of illegal earnings utilizing a within-person analysis of boys who reported delinquent behavior in adolescence to examine whether a change in incarceration status leads to a negative, null, or positive change in illegal earnings. Preliminary results suggest that the effect of incarceration on illegal earnings may be small and positive, or that the effect may be due to selection. Implications of the findings will be discussed.
Bibliography Citation
Parker, Brandy R. and Sarah V. Fry. "Does Incarceration Influence Future Illegal Earnings? Examining Within-Person Changes in Incarceration Status and Illegal Earnings." Presented: New Orleans LA, American Society of Criminology Annual Meeting, November 2016.
2. Parker, Brandy R.
Fry, Sarah V.
Not Without a Price: The Influence of Conviction on Illegal Earnings
Presented: Montreal, QC, American Sociological Association Annual Meeting, August 2017
Cohort(s): NLSY79
Publisher: American Sociological Association
Keyword(s): Crime; Criminal Justice System; Earnings

Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher.

Research on the effectiveness of criminal justice sanctions as a deterrent for crime is mixed but tends to suggest sanctions have either a null or criminogenic effect on future offending. Moreover, a growing literature documents negative impacts of criminal justice sanctions on the acquisition of conventional capital. This is problematic because conventional capital acquisition should promote desistance from crime, leading to the question of whether sanctions promote persistence or desistance from crime, and whether a lack of success in conventional pursuits encourages selection into and success in criminal labor markets. Bridging research on sanctions, blocked opportunities, crime and the life course, and criminal achievement we ask two questions. First, do sanctions influence selection into and success in illegal earnings? Second, if an association between sanctions and illegal earnings exists, can it be partially explained by a lack of conventional capital acquisition? We use waves 2 through 7 of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 (NLSY97) to address our research questions. Findings reveal criminal conviction to be a consistent and powerful predictor of both selection into and the amount earned through illegal activities among late adolescent and young adult males. Moreover, part of the association between the two appears to work through a lack of accumulated conventional capital, though indicators of criminal capital and embeddedness also help explain the link between sanctions and illegal earnings. Results are discussed in light of policy and theoretical implications.
Bibliography Citation
Parker, Brandy R. and Sarah V. Fry. "Not Without a Price: The Influence of Conviction on Illegal Earnings." Presented: Montreal, QC, American Sociological Association Annual Meeting, August 2017.