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Author: Rosenthal, Saul
Resulting in 4 citations.
1. McCartney, Kathleen
Rosenthal, Saul
Family Mediators of the Effects of Maternal Employment in the First Year of Life
Presented: Seattle, WA, Biennial Meetings of the Society for Research in Child Development, April 1991
Cohort(s): Children of the NLSY79, NLSY79
Publisher: Society for Research in Child Development (SRCD)
Keyword(s): Behavior Problems Index (BPI); Behavioral Problems; Child Development; Children; Children, Academic Development; Children, Behavioral Development; Family Influences; Home Observation for Measurement of Environment (HOME); Maternal Employment; Mothers; Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (PPVT); Pre-natal Care/Exposure; Pre/post Natal Behavior; Pre/post Natal Health Care; Verbal Memory (McCarthy Scale)

Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher.

The purpose of this study was to examine family mediators of the effects of early maternal employment on preschoolers using data on 1,248 children ages four to six from the Children of the NLSY. The HOME and a factor-based scale for the home environment each mediated the relation between maternal employment and PPVT and between maternal employment and a measure of behavior problems. These data suggest that maternal employment must be considered as one part of a complex social ecology for the young child.
Bibliography Citation
McCartney, Kathleen and Saul Rosenthal. "Family Mediators of the Effects of Maternal Employment in the First Year of Life." Presented: Seattle, WA, Biennial Meetings of the Society for Research in Child Development, April 1991.
2. McCartney, Kathleen
Rosenthal, Saul
Maternal Employment Should Be Studied Within Social Ecologies
Journal of Marriage and Family 53,4 (November 1991): 1103-1107.
Also: http://www.jstor.org/stable/353014
Cohort(s): Children of the NLSY79, NLSY79
Publisher: National Council on Family Relations
Keyword(s): Child Care; Home Observation for Measurement of Environment (HOME); Maternal Employment; Shyness; Temperament

An exchange on Maternal Employment and Young Children's Adjustment. The infant day care controversy began with a provocative paper by Belsky (1986), in which he expressed concerns about the developmental risks associated with extensive nonmaternal care. Critics responded to Belsky's claims (e.g., ClarkeStewart, 1988, 1989; Phillips, McCartney, Scarr, and Howes, 1987; Richters and Zahn-Waxler, 1988) and expressed two methodological criticisms. First, the studies upon which Belsky's claims rested were mostly nonexperimental; potential third variables related to extensive nonmaternal care seemed likely. Second, in virtually none of the studies did researchers consider the role of quality of child care (for an exception, see McCartney, Scarr, Phillips, Grajek, and Schwarz, 1982).
Bibliography Citation
McCartney, Kathleen and Saul Rosenthal. "Maternal Employment Should Be Studied Within Social Ecologies." Journal of Marriage and Family 53,4 (November 1991): 1103-1107.
3. Phillips, Deborah A.
Hofferth, Sandra L.
Rosenthal, Saul
Children of the NLSY Go to Child Care
Working Paper, Charlottesville NC: Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, 1990
Cohort(s): Children of the NLSY79, NLSY79
Publisher: Department of Psychology , University of Virginia
Keyword(s): Child Care; Infants; Maternal Employment

Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher.

As non-maternal child care has become an increasingly normative experience for American children, empirical questions about child care have expanded to encompass a broad of array of outcomes, moderating variables, populations, and patterns of reliance on care. The Children of the National Longitudinal Study database offers the opportunity to examine many of these contemporary questions that are not easily addressed in the single-site, small scale, nonrepresentative samples to which developmentalists are typically restricted. This article reviews a range of child care issues that are amenable to analysis with the Children of the NLSY dataset. Several strengths and limitations of the dataset are discussed. Descriptive data concerning families' child care use in 1986, patterns of reliance on infant day care, and expenditures on child care are presented. Additional methodological, policy, and theoretical issues that can be addressed with the Children of the NLSY dataset are a lso described.
Bibliography Citation
Phillips, Deborah A., Sandra L. Hofferth and Saul Rosenthal. "Children of the NLSY Go to Child Care." Working Paper, Charlottesville NC: Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, 1990.
4. Rosenthal, Saul
Social Ecology of Early Maternal Employment: Effects on Verbal Intelligence and Behavior Problems in a National Sample
Presented: New Orleans, LA, Biennial Meetings of the Society for Research in Child Development, March 1993
Cohort(s): Children of the NLSY79, NLSY79
Publisher: Society for Research in Child Development (SRCD)
Keyword(s): Armed Forces Qualifications Test (AFQT); Behavior Problems Index (BPI); Child Care; Child Development; Home Observation for Measurement of Environment (HOME); Maternal Employment; Part-Time Work; Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (PPVT); Poverty; Self-Esteem; Social Environment; Test Scores/Test theory/IRT

Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher.

There continues to be a debate surrounding the developmental effects of maternal employment and nonmaternal care during the first year of life. General conclusions are often drawn from small samples, small effect sizes, and without regards to the context within which development is occurring. The present study was designed to explore questions of maternal employment using a social ecology perspective. That is, it is expected that employment effects would be moderated by social context variables. Poverty status at birth and relative maternal intelligence were examined as major social ecology variables. In addition, a number of control variables were included in order to determine the influence of employment within a complex social environment. Results suggest that maternal employment is somewhat related to verbal intelligence outcomes, but only in certain conditions. Verbal intelligence scores for children born below the poverty line and for children born to higher-intelligence mothers were highest for those children whose mothers worked part-time. Differential effects of employment has implications for research and general conclusions that are typically drawn in regards to maternal employment and nonmaternal care.
Bibliography Citation
Rosenthal, Saul. "Social Ecology of Early Maternal Employment: Effects on Verbal Intelligence and Behavior Problems in a National Sample." Presented: New Orleans, LA, Biennial Meetings of the Society for Research in Child Development, March 1993.