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Author: Ren, Liqian
Resulting in 1 citation.
1. Ren, Liqian
The Effect of Family Background and Dynamics on Child Test Score, Marital Sorting and Risk Preference
Ph.D. Dissertation, The University of Chicago, 2006. DAI-A 67/09, Mar 2007.
Also: http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/ER/detail/hkul/4083690
Cohort(s): Children of the NLSY79
Publisher: ProQuest Dissertations & Theses (PQDT)
Keyword(s): Assortative Mating; Family Background and Culture; Health/Health Status/SF-12 Scale; Marital Disruption; Marital Status; Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID); Racial Differences; Risk-Taking; Test Scores/Test theory/IRT; Unemployment

Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher.

This dissertation shows that family background as well as the dynamics of that background affect a person's standardized test score when young, marital sorting and risk preference during adult years. Specifically, changes in parental employment, marital or health status have a significant and asymmetric effect on child test scores in reading and math. Using panel data from PSID and NLSY, I have found, on average, a given negative shock to one of these family self-being measures reduces reading test score by .10 to .20 of a standard deviation. Both data sets show that black and white students differ significantly not only in their test scores, but also in the frequency of parental disruptions experienced by the child. As a result, 9% to 18% of the observed differences in black-white test score gaps are due to black children having parents who experience more unemployment spells, marital disruptions, and negative health shocks than white children.

Using a representative sample of U.S. couples, we found that the correlation in parental wealth between spouses is 0.42. This parental wealth assortative mating accounts for about one-quarter of the conventional intergeneration wealth correlation, and at least seven percent of the intergenerational correlation in income. These results confirm Becker's (1973, 1974) notion that assortative mating might magnify measured parent/child correlations. experience more unemployment spells, marital disruptions, and negative health shocks than white children.

Lastly, for some PSID individuals aged 27 to 35 in 1996, experiencing family head unemployment at the young age (6-12) directly lowered a child's risk tolerance measures, while experiencing family unemployment around age 13 to 18 had little effect. A child is 10% less likely to be in the highest or second highest risk tolerance category, out of four categories given in the PSID, if experienced family head unemployment when young. However, experiencing family une mployment while young does not seem to directly affect a person's choice of occupations. The result suggests that family unemployment at younger age may serve as an instrument for risk tolerance under some circumstances since risk preference is an important, but usually under-reported variable for research on household decisions.

Bibliography Citation
Ren, Liqian. The Effect of Family Background and Dynamics on Child Test Score, Marital Sorting and Risk Preference. Ph.D. Dissertation, The University of Chicago, 2006. DAI-A 67/09, Mar 2007..