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Author: Maahs, Jeff R.

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1.	Maahs, Jeff R.
1.	Maternal Risk Factors, Early Life Events, and Deviant Outcomes: Assessing Antisocial Pathways from Birth Through Adolescence Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Cincinnati, 2001. Cohort(s): Children of the NLSY79, NLSY79 Publisher: UMI - University Microfilms, Bell and Howell Information and Learning Keyword(s): Behavior, Antisocial; Behavioral Problems; Child Self-Administered Supplement (CSAS); Children, Behavioral Development; Children, Poverty; Delinquency/Gang Activity; Fathers, Presence; Life Course; Modeling, Multilevel; Neighborhood Effects; Peabody Individual Achievement Test (PIAT- Math); Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (PPVT); Peers/Peer influence/Peer relations; Religious Influences The life-course perspective has been instrumental in exploring relationships between early life circumstances, childhood problem behaviors, and adolescent and adult offending. This dissertation focuses on three areas that are central to the life-course perspective, (a) the development of childhood antisocial behavior, (b) factors that foster the stability of antisocial behavior, and (c) debate over the existence of multiple routes to delinquency. Particular research questions focus on (a) whether biosocial interactions predict childhood antisocial behavior, (b) whether processes of cumulative continuity account for stability in antisocial behavior, and (c) whether discrete offender groups differ on risk markers for delinquency. This research uses a sample of 1030 individuals from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth Mother-Child data set to examine the onset and persistence of antisocial behavior. Negative Binomial regression models reveal no support for the hypothesis that childhood antisocial behavior is the result of an interaction between neuropsychological deficits and structural adversity. Rather, the findings suggest that while both individual differences and structural adversity predict childhood antisocial behavior, these factors operate in an additive, rather than interactive fashion. The analyses focusing on the development of antisocial behavior from childhood to adolescence suggest that both stability and change are evident, and that early antisocial behavior is an insufficient cause of delinquency. Analysis of sub-groups constructed based on their level of antisocial behavior over time revealed some differences (including verbal intelligence and poverty status) between individuals with a history of childhood antisocial behavior (life-course persistent) and those who began offending in adolescent (adolescent limited), but these differences are overshadowed by similarities between the groups. The theoretical and policy implications of this research are discussed.
	Bibliography Citation Maahs, Jeff R. Maternal Risk Factors, Early Life Events, and Deviant Outcomes: Assessing Antisocial Pathways from Birth Through Adolescence. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Cincinnati, 2001..

2.	McGloin, Jean Marie Pratt, Travis C. Maahs, Jeff R.
2.	Rethinking the IQ-Delinquency Relationship: A Longitudinal Analysis of Multiple Theoretical Models Justice Quarterly 21,3 (September 2004): 603-636. Also: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07418820400095921 Cohort(s): Children of the NLSY79 Publisher: Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences Keyword(s): Behavior Problems Index (BPI); Behavior, Antisocial; Child Self-Administered Supplement (CSAS); Crime; Delinquency/Gang Activity; I.Q.; Parent Supervision/Monitoring; Parent-Child Relationship/Closeness; Parenting Skills/Styles; Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (PPVT); Peers/Peer influence/Peer relations; School Performance Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. A previous version of this paper was presented at the annual meeting of the American Society of Criminology, Chicago, IL, November 2002. Criminological research has consistently demonstrated a relationship between IQ and delinquency, yet scholars continue to debate the precise mechanisms by which IQ should have an effect on delinquent behavior. Although researchers typically view the IQ-delinquency relationship as a function of "school performance," additional explanations exist that have yet to be formally tested in conjunction with one another within the same analysis. Using data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY) we extend existing research by assessing the indirect effect of IQ on delinquency through three intervening processes: school performance, deviant peer pressure, and self-control. The results indicate strong support for the school performance model (especially when linked with self-control), yet considerable evidence exists of an indirect effect of IQ on delinquency through both deviant peer pressure and self-control. The implications for future theoretical development and integration are discussed.
	Bibliography Citation McGloin, Jean Marie, Travis C. Pratt and Jeff R. Maahs. "Rethinking the IQ-Delinquency Relationship: A Longitudinal Analysis of Multiple Theoretical Models." Justice Quarterly 21,3 (September 2004): 603-636.

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