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Author: Knight, Brian
Resulting in 3 citations.
1. Haveman, Robert H.
Knight, Brian
Effect of Labor Market Changes from the Early 1970s to the Late 1980s on Youth Wage, Earnings, and Household Economic Position
Discussion Paper No. 1174-98, Institute for Research on Poverty, University of Wisconsin, September 1998.
Also: http://www.ssc.wisc.edu/irp/dp117498.pdf
Cohort(s): Young Men, Young Women
Publisher: Institute for Research on Poverty (IRP), University of Wisconsin - Madison
Keyword(s): Family Income; Family Resources; Family Size; Family Structure; Labor Market Demographics; Poverty

Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher.

The trend in national policy over the past two decades has emphasized self-reliance and a reduced role of government in society. Given this ideological shift, the official poverty measure, which is based on the premise that all families should have sufficient income from either their own efforts or government support to boost them above a family-size-specific threshold, appears now to have less policy relevance than in prior years. In this paper we present a new concept of poverty, the inability to be self-reliant, which is based on the ability of a family, using its own resources, to support a level of consumption in excess of needs. This concept closely parallels the "capability poverty" measure that has been proposed by Amartya Sen. We use this measure to examine the size and composition of the poor population from 1975 to 1995. We find that poverty in terms of self-reliance increased more rapidly over the 1975-95 period than did official poverty. We find that families commonly thought to be the most impoverished-those headed by minorities, single women with children, and individuals with low levels of education-have the highest levels of self-reliance poverty. However, these groups have also experienced the smallest increases in this poverty measure. Families largely thought to be economically secure, specifically those headed by whites, men, married couples, and highly educated individuals, while having the lowest levels of self-reliance poverty, have also experienced the largest increases in that measure. We speculate that the trends in self-reliance poverty stem largely from underlying trends in the U.S. economy, in particular the relative decline of wage rates among whites and men, and the rapidly expanding college-educated group.
Bibliography Citation
Haveman, Robert H. and Brian Knight. "Effect of Labor Market Changes from the Early 1970s to the Late 1980s on Youth Wage, Earnings, and Household Economic Position." Discussion Paper No. 1174-98, Institute for Research on Poverty, University of Wisconsin, September 1998.
2. Haveman, Robert H.
Knight, Brian
Effects of Labor Market Changes on Young Adult Employment, Labor Market Mobility, Living Arrangements, and Economic Independence: A Cohort Analysis
Presented: Blithewood Annandale-on-the-Hudson, NY, Levy Economics Institute Conference, "Economic Mobility in America and Other Advanced Countries", October 2002
Cohort(s): NLSY79, Young Men, Young Women
Publisher: Levy Economics Institute
Keyword(s): Armed Forces Qualifications Test (AFQT); Earnings; Economic Independence; Gender Differences; I.Q.; Mobility, Economic; Skills; Wage Growth; Wages, Young Men; Wages, Young Women; Wages, Youth

Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher.

Bibliography Citation
Haveman, Robert H. and Brian Knight. "Effects of Labor Market Changes on Young Adult Employment, Labor Market Mobility, Living Arrangements, and Economic Independence: A Cohort Analysis." Presented: Blithewood Annandale-on-the-Hudson, NY, Levy Economics Institute Conference, "Economic Mobility in America and Other Advanced Countries", October 2002.
3. Haveman, Robert H.
Knight, Brian
Youth Living Arrangements, Economic Independence, and the Role of Labor Market Changes: A Cohort Analysis from the Early 1970s to the Late 1980s
Discussion Paper No. 1201-99, Institute for Research on Poverty, University of Wisconsin - Madison, 1999.
Also: http://www.irp.wisc.edu/publications/dps/pdfs/dp120199.pdf
Cohort(s): NLSY79, Young Men, Young Women
Publisher: Institute for Research on Poverty (IRP), University of Wisconsin - Madison
Keyword(s): Economic Changes/Recession; Economic Independence; Educational Attainment; Household Composition; Skilled Workers; Wages, Youth

Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher.

Between the late 1960s and early 1990s, young workers experienced declining average real wages and increasing labor market inequality. High-skilled youths--those with a college degree--fare better in this new economy relative to youths with few skills and little formal education. This paper studies two separate, but related, indirect effects of this labor market deterioration: changes in living arrangements and changes in economic independence, the ability to financially support oneself and dependents. We find that over this period, youths tended to shift away from living arrangements with significant financial responsibility, such as living with a spouse and children, and toward arrangements with less responsibility, such as remaining at home with one's parents or living alone. This shift is especially pronounced for low-skilled youths, those most adversely affected by the labor market deterioration. These changes in living arrangements tended to increase the economic independence of youths relative to their loss in economic independence were they unable to alter these living arrangements.
Bibliography Citation
Haveman, Robert H. and Brian Knight. "Youth Living Arrangements, Economic Independence, and the Role of Labor Market Changes: A Cohort Analysis from the Early 1970s to the Late 1980s." Discussion Paper No. 1201-99, Institute for Research on Poverty, University of Wisconsin - Madison, 1999.