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Author: Chen, Jen-Hao

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1.	Chen, Jen-Hao
1.	Early Childhood Health and Inequalities in Children’s Academic and Behavioral Outcomes Ph.D. Dissertation, The University of Chicago, 2012 Cohort(s): Children of the NLSY79, NLSY79 Publisher: ProQuest Dissertations & Theses (PQDT) Keyword(s): Alcohol Use; Armed Forces Qualifications Test (AFQT); Birthweight; CESD (Depression Scale); Child Health; Early Childhood Longitudinal Study (ECLS-B, ECLS-K); Home Observation for Measurement of Environment (HOME); Modeling, Fixed Effects; Pre/post Natal Behavior; Pre/post Natal Health Care; Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) (see Self-Esteem); Rotter Scale (see Locus of Control); Siblings; Sociability/Socialization/Social Interaction; Temperament Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. Skills learned in early childhood play an important role in the formation of human capabilities and social equality in adulthood. A handful of studies have linked socioeconomic status and family background to academic and behavioral skills in early childhood. However, relatively few studies have considered health a potentially influential factor in the development of early childhood skills. Even fewer studies have considered health indicators other than birth weight. My dissertation addresses this concern by providing a solid assessment of the role of early childhood health in children's developmental outcomes. I focused on two prevalent health conditions that have been overlooked in the demographic and sociological literature: prenatal drinking and childhood asthma. The two research studies relied on multiple sources of data, including the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 79 Cohort, the Children of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, and the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study-Birth Cohort, and used a variety of methods, including descriptive analyses, multivariate regressions, fixed-effects models, and multiple imputation. drinking and childhood asthma.
	Bibliography Citation Chen, Jen-Hao. Early Childhood Health and Inequalities in Children’s Academic and Behavioral Outcomes. Ph.D. Dissertation, The University of Chicago, 2012.

2.	Chen, Jen-Hao
2.	Health and the Development of Academic and Behavioral Skills in Early Childhood Presented: New Orleans LA, American Educational Research Association (AERA) meeting, April 2011 Cohort(s): Children of the NLSY79, NLSY79 Publisher: American Educational Research Association Keyword(s): Alcohol Use; Armed Forces Qualifications Test (AFQT); Bias Decomposition; Birthweight; CESD (Depression Scale); Early Childhood Longitudinal Study (ECLS-B, ECLS-K); Home Observation for Measurement of Environment (HOME); Modeling, Fixed Effects; Pre/post Natal Behavior; Pre/post Natal Health Care; Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) (see Self-Esteem); Rotter Scale (see Locus of Control); Siblings; Sociability/Socialization/Social Interaction; Temperament Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher.
	Bibliography Citation Chen, Jen-Hao. "Health and the Development of Academic and Behavioral Skills in Early Childhood." Presented: New Orleans LA, American Educational Research Association (AERA) meeting, April 2011.

3.	Chen, Jen-Hao
3.	Maternal Alcohol Use during Pregnancy, Birth Weight and Early Behavioral Outcomes Alcohol and Alcoholism 47,6 (November-December 2012): 649-656. Also: http://alcalc.oxfordjournals.org/content/47/6/649.abstract Cohort(s): Children of the NLSY79, NLSY79 Publisher: Oxford University Press Keyword(s): Alcohol Use; Birthweight; Child Health; Infants; Modeling, Fixed Effects; Pre/post Natal Behavior; Scale Construction; Siblings; Temperament Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. Aims: To examine the effect of maternal alcohol use during pregnancy on infant behavioral outcomes and birth weight, and to investigate the differential susceptibility of infant behavioral outcomes and birth weight to prenatal alcohol exposure. Methods: Data on children born to women taking part in the United States National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY) (n = 1618) were analyzed using the sibling fixed-effects model, which helps adjust for maternal, genetic and social confounders when examining effects of pre-natal exposure to possible toxins such as alcohol. Mothers were classified as non-drinkers, light-to-moderate drinkers and heavy drinkers according to their frequency of alcohol use during pregnancy. Infants' behavioral outcomes were assessed using the modified Rothbart Infant Behavior Questionnaire in the NLSY, which measures three dimensions of behavioral outcomes: positive mood, fearfulness and difficultness. Results: Estimates from the model indicated that drinking during pregnancy was positively associated with infant difficultness, but not with positive mood or fearfulness. Further analysis by frequency of alcohol use suggested that both light-to-moderate and heavy drinking were associated with an increase in infant difficultness. Additionally, while low-to-moderate drinking during pregnancy was associated with infant difficultness, drinking at this level was not associated with low birth weight. Conclusion: The findings suggest that maternal alcohol use during pregnancy is a risk factor for infant behavioral outcomes, after taking into account many confounding factors. Infant behavioral outcomes appear to be more vulnerable to light-to-moderate levels of alcohol use during pregnancy than birth weight is. © The Author 2012. Medical Council on Alcohol and Oxford University Press. All rights reserved
	Bibliography Citation Chen, Jen-Hao. "Maternal Alcohol Use during Pregnancy, Birth Weight and Early Behavioral Outcomes." Alcohol and Alcoholism 47,6 (November-December 2012): 649-656.

4.	Chen, Wei-Lin Chen, Jen-Hao
4.	College Fields of Study and Substance Use BMC Public Health 20 (30 October 2020): 1631. Also: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-020-09722-1 Cohort(s): NLSY97 Publisher: Springer Keyword(s): Alcohol Use; College Degree; College Major/Field of Study/Courses; Drug Use; Gender Differences; Substance Use Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. Methods: The study analyzed longitudinal data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 97 (N = 1031), specifically data on individuals who obtained a bachelor's degree, to examine the associations between college fields of study and trajectories of three substance use behaviors: smoking, heavy alcohol use, and marijuana use. Results: The results indicate that social science and business majors were associated with more substance use behaviors than arts and humanities and STEM majors. However, social science majors were associated with a faster decrease in substance use behaviors over time. Importantly, the differences we found in mean levels of substance use behaviors and trajectories were not explained by demographic characteristics, family SES background, childhood health conditions, and employment experience. Further analysis that examined college major and each substance use behavior individually suggests that the associations were stronger for heavy alcohol use and marijuana use. Moreover, we found the associations were more pronounced in men than women.
	Bibliography Citation Chen, Wei-Lin and Jen-Hao Chen. "College Fields of Study and Substance Use." BMC Public Health 20 (30 October 2020): 1631.

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