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Author: Aratani, Yumiko
Resulting in 5 citations.
1. Aratani, Yumiko
Growing Up in the Projects: Educational Aspiration and Achievements of Children in Public Housing
Presented: Neuchatel, Switzerland, Research Committee 28 on Social Stratification and Mobility, May 2004.
Also: http://www.sidos.ch/method/RC28/abstracts/Yumiko%20Aratani.pdf
Cohort(s): NLSY79
Publisher: SIDOS - Swiss Information and Data Archive Service for the Social Sciences
Keyword(s): Armed Forces Qualifications Test (AFQT); Demography; Educational Aspirations/Expectations; Educational Attainment; Ethnic Differences; Family Characteristics; Family Income; Gender Differences; Hispanics; Life Course; Parents, Single; Public Housing; Racial Differences; Residence; Socioeconomic Factors; Welfare

Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher.

This chapter investigates the impact of housing on educational stratification; in particular, how public housing residence influences educational aspirations and achievements of children who spend their adolescence in such housing....The current study only uses the samples, who were under age 18 and lived with parents in 1979....First, it has rich information on attitudes, intelligence tests, and the educational attainment of youth over their life course. Secondly, a separate mail survey was sent to schools where NLSY79 respondents attended for collecting information on their academic transcript during 1980-1983. Third, it has a set of supplement samples to oversample blacks, Hispanics, economically disadvantaged non-black, non-Hispanics, which is suitable for both a cohort analysis and separate analysis by race. Finally, my NLSY79 sample contains a much larger case number of public housing residents in 1978-1979 (N=399).5 The survey also separately asks whether respondents and their family have lived in public housing or received government rent subsidy between 1979 and 1984; which allows me to focus on respondents that lived in public housing that is owned by the housing authority separating from those who lived in private housing through rent subsidy. This study only looks at the effect of public housing but not housing subsidy (section 8) because the study anchors on a research hypothesis that public housing is a measurement of residential community which share common socioeconomic conditions. Further, it intends to test the effect of geographical concentration of low-income families and the degree of concentration, and this is not very clear for those who receive housing subsidy but lived in privately owned building.
Bibliography Citation
Aratani, Yumiko. "Growing Up in the Projects: Educational Aspiration and Achievements of Children in Public Housing." Presented: Neuchatel, Switzerland, Research Committee 28 on Social Stratification and Mobility, May 2004.
2. Aratani, Yumiko
Public Housing Revisited: Racial Differences, Housing Assistance, and Socioeconomic Attainment Among Low-Income Families
Social Science Research 39,6 (November 2010): 1108-1125
Cohort(s): NLSY79
Publisher: Academic Press, Inc.
Keyword(s): Armed Forces Qualifications Test (AFQT); Assets; Educational Attainment; Ethnic Differences; Family Income; Home Ownership; Missing Data/Imputation; Poverty; Propensity Scores; Public Housing; Racial Differences; Residence; State-Level Data/Policy; Welfare

This study investigates racial differences in the short-term and long-term effect of living in public housing as a child on socioeconomic attainment among young adults from low income families. Using the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 data and state-level public housing information, propensity score matching estimations addressed the self selection problems encountered when evaluating the impact of welfare programs. The study findings indicate that Blacks with short-term public housing residence during adolescence seem to be more disadvantaged in terms of housing self-sufficiency and car ownership in an early adulthood than their low-income Black counterparts who lived in private housing. In the long run; however, public housing residence had very small effects on socioeconomic attainment of both White and Black young adults. The benefits of public housing in terms of providing a secure residence for economically vulnerable groups; therefore, outweigh any potential negative impacts.
Bibliography Citation
Aratani, Yumiko. "Public Housing Revisited: Racial Differences, Housing Assistance, and Socioeconomic Attainment Among Low-Income Families." Social Science Research 39,6 (November 2010): 1108-1125.
3. Aratani, Yumiko
Race, Space, and Life-Chances: The Role of Parental Housing in Stratification Processes
Ph.D. Dissertation, Columbia University, 2006. DAI-A 67/04, October 2006.
Also: http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1144195251&sid=1&Fmt=7&clientId=3959&RQT=309&VName=PQD
Cohort(s): NLSY79
Publisher: ProQuest Dissertations & Theses (PQDT)
Keyword(s): Ethnic Studies; Family Studies; Income Level; Intergenerational Patterns/Transmission; Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID); Propensity Scores; Public Housing; Racial Differences; Racial Studies

Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher.

In this dissertation, I examine the role of parental housing tenure on stratification processes in the contemporary United States. The study employs two national longitudinal surveys, the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 (NLSY79) and the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID). Using propensity score matching estimation, the study finds the following. First, public housing residence has a detrimental effect on housing self-sufficiency and on car ownership of black offspring but no effect on whites. Secondly, long-term residence in a single-family owner-occupied home has a significant positive effect on the housing tenure of offspring; however, the positive effect of single-family owner-occupied homes differs by race, income status, and the housing career of parents. In particular, families who initially lived in a multi-family renter-occupied home (a category predominantly occupied by black, low-income families) are less capable of translating the advantage of single-family owner-occupied homes to offspring. Hence, by examining two elements of the American housing policy (public housing and a single-family owner occupied home), the author demonstrates that the American housing policy has contributed to racial and class inequalities in the post-Civil Rights era.
Bibliography Citation
Aratani, Yumiko. Race, Space, and Life-Chances: The Role of Parental Housing in Stratification Processes. Ph.D. Dissertation, Columbia University, 2006. DAI-A 67/04, October 2006..
4. Aratani, Yumiko
Cooper, Janice L.
The Effects of Runaway-Homeless Episodes on High School Dropout
Youth and Society 47,2 (March 2015): 173-198.
Also: http://yas.sagepub.com/content/47/2/173.abstract
Cohort(s): NLSY97
Publisher: Sage Publications
Keyword(s): Achievement; Dropouts; Family Environment; Homelessness; Propensity Scores; Runaways

Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher.

This article uses data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 to examine the relationship between running away from home between the ages of 12 and 14 and dropping from high school among youth. Propensity score matching was conducted in estimating the effect of running away on high school dropout while controlling for confounding factors, such as familial instability and socioemotional health risks. The findings suggest that having runaway-homeless episodes have a detrimental effect on academic achievement.
Bibliography Citation
Aratani, Yumiko and Janice L. Cooper. "The Effects of Runaway-Homeless Episodes on High School Dropout." Youth and Society 47,2 (March 2015): 173-198.
5. Aratani, Yumiko
Jiang, Yang
Socioeconomic Outcomes of Youths Living in Poverty during the Post-1996 Welfare Reform Era
Presented: San Diego CA, Population Association of America Annual Meeting, April-May 2015
Cohort(s): NLSY79, NLSY97
Publisher: Population Association of America
Keyword(s): Legislation; Poverty; Welfare

Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher.

This paper examines the effect of the 1996 welfare reform on low-income youth's outcomes in young adulthood. In the 1990s, there were major reforms in many of the social and health policies, which became the basis of the current U.S. safety net programs. The most significant policy changes were implemented under the 1996 Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunities Reconciliation Act. (PRWORA). Using two national data sets, the National Longitudinal Surveys of Youth 1979 and 1997, we compared socio-economic outcomes of adolescents who grew up in poverty during the pre- and post-PRWORA era. The results showed that growing up in the post welfare reform era significantly reduced the likelihood of receiving welfare assistance but increased the likelihood of living in poverty during young adulthood. The findings indicate challenges that low-income youth are facing in their transition to the adulthood after U.S. social safety-net programs have shrunk in late 1990s.
Bibliography Citation
Aratani, Yumiko and Yang Jiang. "Socioeconomic Outcomes of Youths Living in Poverty during the Post-1996 Welfare Reform Era." Presented: San Diego CA, Population Association of America Annual Meeting, April-May 2015.