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Title: Proxies for Observations on Individuals Sampled from a Population: A Reply
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Link, Charles R. Ratledge, Edward C. |
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Proxies for Observations on Individuals Sampled from a Population: A Reply Journal of Human Resources 11,3 (Summer 1976): 413-419. Also: http://www.jstor.org/stable/145280 Cohort(s): Young Men Publisher: University of Wisconsin Press Keyword(s): Educational Costs; Educational Returns One of the purposes of our earlier paper was to replicate research conducted by George Johnson and Frank Stafford. We contended that our district-wide measure of expenditures is more likely to measure the expenditure received by an individual than the statewide measure used by those authors. John Akin and Thomas Kniesner speak to this assumption in their comment. They correctly state that "the actual statistical problem is to choose the best aggregation level from which to take an average as a proxy for individuals sampled from a population." They are also correct in noting the difficulty of showing rigorously whether the deviation of the ith student from a statewide average is greater than or less than the deviation from a district-wide measure. The issue is indeed empirical. We make the assumption on a series of empirical and theoretical arguments. In the discussion that follows, evidence, some of which is admittedly impressionistic, is given suggesting that the school district expenditure is likely to be a superior measure, at least for whites. |
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Bibliography Citation
Link, Charles R. and Edward C. Ratledge. "Proxies for Observations on Individuals Sampled from a Population: A Reply." Journal of Human Resources 11,3 (Summer 1976): 413-419.
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