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Title: On-call and On-demand Work in the USA: Adversarial Regulation in a Context of Unilateral Control
Resulting in 1 citation.
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Fugiel, Peter Lambert, Susan |
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On-call and On-demand Work in the USA: Adversarial Regulation in a Context of Unilateral Control In: Zero Hours and On-call Work in Anglo-Saxon Countries. M. O’Sullivan et al, eds., Singapore: Springer, 2019: 111-135. Also: https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-981-13-6613-0_6 Cohort(s): NLSY97 Publisher: Springer Keyword(s): Current Population Survey (CPS) / CPS-Fertility Supplement; General Social Survey (GSS); Job Characteristics; Work Hours/Schedule; Work, Atypical Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. On-call and on-demand work is more common in the USA than official statistics suggest. Conventional measures treat on-call work and irregular schedules as forms of employment that are categorically distinct from standard employment with regular hours. But this categorical approach confounds multiple dimensions of working time and fails to provide clear criteria for classification. A categorical approach is particularly inadequate in the US case, where the line between standard and non-standard employment is blurred by fragmented labour market institutions and unilateral employer control over working time. This chapter presents an alternative approach that analyses schedules as constellations of control, advance notice, and consistency with distinct functions for employers and effects on employees. Within the broader constellation of unstable schedules--defined by a lack of employee control over variable hours or timing--on-call work is characterised by very short notice and on-demand work by considerable volatility in the number of hours. Using data from several recent national surveys, the authors show that at least 6% of employees work on-call and as many as 23% work on-demand. On-call work and on-demand work are most prevalent among employees with non-standard arrangements such as part-time, temporary agency, or shift work. However, employees with full-time, day shift, and other standard arrangements account for a substantial share of on-demand and on-call workers. This analysis helps explain the targeted nature of recent responses to on-demand and on-call work, highlighting the strengths and limitations of predictive scheduling legislation. |
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Bibliography Citation
Fugiel, Peter and Susan Lambert. "On-call and On-demand Work in the USA: Adversarial Regulation in a Context of Unilateral Control" In: Zero Hours and On-call Work in Anglo-Saxon Countries. M. O’Sullivan et al, eds., Singapore: Springer, 2019: 111-135. A
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