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Title: Keeping the Job You Find: Understanding Job Turnover Among Welfare Recipients Who Obtain Work
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Earle, Alison |
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Keeping the Job You Find: Understanding Job Turnover Among Welfare Recipients Who Obtain Work Ph.D. Dissertation, Harvard University, 1998 Cohort(s): NLSY79 Publisher: UMI - University Microfilms, Bell and Howell Information and Learning Keyword(s): Benefits, Insurance; Child Health; Child Support; Children, Preschool; Family Characteristics; Human Capital; Job Tenure; Job Turnover; Poverty; Welfare This dissertation investigates the process of job loss among welfare recipients who become employed. I use quantitative data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth to evaluate three questions: Do welfare recipients have a more difficult time keeping jobs than other workers? What factors explain the differences in job duration? What factors affect job turnover? Policymakers seeking to reduce welfare recidivism or reduce poverty should be informed by an understanding of whether and why job retention is a challenge for welfare recipients who obtain work. I find that while rapid job turnover is a problem to some degree for all employed women, welfare recipients have shorter job stays than other employed women. The average job duration for recipients is almost six months shorter than among non-recipients. I find that welfare recipients are 38 percent more likely to end a job in a given month than other employed women. Even when I compared the probability of turnover for recipients and other women within the same type of job, I found that welfare recipients were 28 percent more likely to end a job. In both cases, I was able to explain less than 30 percent of the gap in job turnover rates with human capital and family characteristics. The generosity of welfare benefits and the receipt of child support did not appear to explain much of the difference in job turnover rates. When I examine different subgroups of women, I find that on the whole the predictors for job turnover are remarkably similar. I find that family characteristics are strong predictors of job turnover. Having a new baby and having a child with a chronic health condition significantly increase the probability that a job ended. Models using interaction terms revealed that while having pre-school children significantly increased the likelihood of a job ending, the availability of employer-provided health insurance and paid leave may mitigate this effect. Copyright: Dissertation Abstracts |
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Bibliography Citation
Earle, Alison. Keeping the Job You Find: Understanding Job Turnover Among Welfare Recipients Who Obtain Work. Ph.D. Dissertation, Harvard University, 1998. |