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Title: The Flynn Effect Can Become Embedded in Tests: How Cross-sectional Age Norms Can Corrupt Longitudinal Research
Resulting in 1 citation.
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O'Keefe, Patrick Rodgers, Joseph Lee |
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The Flynn Effect Can Become Embedded in Tests: How Cross-sectional Age Norms Can Corrupt Longitudinal Research Intelligence 82 (September-October 2020): 101481. Also: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160289620300593 Cohort(s): Children of the NLSY79 Publisher: Elsevier Keyword(s): Flynn Effect; I.Q.; Peabody Individual Achievement Test (PIAT- Math); Test Scores/Test theory/IRT The Flynn Effect (FE; Flynn, 1984, Flynn, 1987) is the decades-long increase in measured mean IQ of approximately 1/3 point per year, observed in industrialized nations over the course of at least a century. An obvious and practical implication of the FE is that the FE can cause test norm obsolescence. If norms from 1970 were used today, the average score would be approximately a standard deviation above the original mean. A more subtle effect was suggested by Mingroni (2007): Age-normed tests could have a FE "built-in" through the norming process. His observation can be true in any case where there are cohort differences (between- or within-family); it is almost certain to occur in cases where cross-sectional samples are used to age norm in the presence of cohort effects. We illuminate this process in several ways, because it can significantly impact longitudinal research. If the "built in FE" hypothesis is supported, then the FE potentially affects resulting scores assigned to test-takers from all age-normed cognitive tests exhibiting a FE. A series of graphic simulations demonstrate the logic. Following, analysis of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth Children data suggest that the Flynn Effect is indeed built into the PIAT-Math scores. |
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Bibliography Citation
O'Keefe, Patrick and Joseph Lee Rodgers. "The Flynn Effect Can Become Embedded in Tests: How Cross-sectional Age Norms Can Corrupt Longitudinal Research." Intelligence 82 (September-October 2020): 101481.
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