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Title: Essays on Inequality and Education
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Borraz, Fernando Miguel |
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Essays on Inequality and Education Ph.D. Dissertation, Georgetown University, 2004. DAI-A 65/09, p. 3479, March 2005. Cohort(s): NLSY79 Publisher: UMI - University Microfilms, Bell and Howell Information and Learning Keyword(s): Wage Differentials; Wage Gap; Wages This thesis consists of three chapters. In the first two chapters earnings inequality is analyzed. This is relevant because inequality increased in the last decades in developed and developing countries. Chapter 1 estimates returns to education in the US using information from two datasets, the National Longitudinal Surveys (NLS and NLSY79) and the Public User Microdata Sample (PUMS). The high correlation between schooling and ability did not allow the separate identification of each effect. The PUMS dataset contains information on wages and education but not on ability and can therefore be exploited to improve the precision of the NLS and NLSY79 estimates. The results suggest a positive but not increasing over time wage gap for the most able during the 80's, and between 1980 and 2000. Chapter 2 studies the evolution of income distribution in Mexico over the last decade, a period of rapid integration to the global and North American economies. We measure differences in income inequality, over time and across Mexican states, and relate them to regional differences in the degree of globalization. We present compelling evidence showing that income distribution is more equitable in states that are more closely linked to the world economy. As a potential explanation of why globalization might improve the distribution of income among Mexican households, we show that states that are more integrated to the world economy offer better work opportunities for low-skilled women relative to more educated female workers. Chapter 3 analyzes the impact of remittances on child human capital in Mexico. During the 90's and in particular after the “tequila crisis” Mexican workers increased remittances sent to home from the United States. This chapter analyzes the effect of such increasing source of income on child human capital decisions. Results obtained from Census data indicate a positive and small effect of remittances on schooling only for girls living in cities with less than 2,500 inhabitants with mothers with a very low level of education. On the contrary, results from Household Survey data do not suggest any impact of remittances on schooling. |
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Bibliography Citation
Borraz, Fernando Miguel. Essays on Inequality and Education. Ph.D. Dissertation, Georgetown University, 2004. DAI-A 65/09, p. 3479, March 2005.. |