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Title: Development of Externalizing and Internalizing Behavior Problems During Middle Childhood: Risk and Protective Factors
Resulting in 1 citation.
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Guttmannova, Katarina |
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Development of Externalizing and Internalizing Behavior Problems During Middle Childhood: Risk and Protective Factors Ph.D. Dissertation, Department of Psychology, University of Montana, 2004. DAI-B 66/02, p. 1197, Aug 2005 Cohort(s): Children of the NLSY79 Publisher: UMI - University Microfilms, Bell and Howell Information and Learning Keyword(s): Behavior Problems Index (BPI); Behavioral Problems; Childhood; Gender Differences; Internal-External Attitude; Risk-Taking; Scale Construction; Test Scores/Test theory/IRT The three studies presented here used data on a cohort of six-year old children from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY79) to develop and test models of risk and protection in the etiology of internalizing and externalizing behavior problems. Study 1 evaluated the factor structure and measurement invariance of the behavior problem measure that was used as a dependent variable in subsequent studies via a series of longitudinal factor analyses. The two-factor (internalizing and externalizing behavior problems) structure of the measure as well as its measurement invariance across gender and the age groups were confirmed. Study 2 examined developmental trajectories and gender differences with respect to the occurrence and stability of behavior problems in 6- to 12-year-olds via the use of latent growth curve modeling. Overall, there was substantial variability in the amounts of internalizing and externalizing problems among children at the beginning of middle childhood. Boys had higher levels of both internalizing and externalizing behavior problems at age six than girls. Although there was extensive variability in the rate of change of externalizing problems over time, internalizing problems did not display any systematic changes over the course of middle childhood. In Study 3, growth curve modeling was used to examine the effects of ethnicity, poverty persistence, maternal age and parenting on the development of behavior problems in boys and girls. For boys, being White, living in persistent poverty and receiving less emotional support from parents were risk factors for higher levels of internalizing and externalizing behavior problems. Furthermore, being born to a teenage mother was found to contribute to the escalation of externalizing problems over the course of middle childhood. For girls, the risk factors for higher levels of both types of problems included being White and receiving less cognitive stimulation from parents. The mechanism through which the risks operate and conditions in which risk and protective factors function were examined in a series of mediation and moderation models. The findings include important gender and ethnic differences in the influence of parenting as well as poverty persistence on behavior problems. |
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Bibliography Citation
Guttmannova, Katarina. Development of Externalizing and Internalizing Behavior Problems During Middle Childhood: Risk and Protective Factors. Ph.D. Dissertation, Department of Psychology, University of Montana, 2004. DAI-B 66/02, p. 1197, Aug 2005. |