Search Results

View Selected Citations Select and View All Search Citations

Source: World Congress of Sociology

Resulting in 2 citations.

1.	Parcel, Toby L. Menaghan, Elizabeth G.
1.	Mothers' Careers and Child Development: Evidence from the NLS Youth Presented: Madrid, Spain, 12th World Congress of Sociology, July 1990 Cohort(s): Children of the NLSY79, NLSY79 Publisher: International Sociological Association Keyword(s): Child Care; Child Development; Children, Academic Development; Children, Home Environment; Exits; General Assessment; Hispanics; Maternal Employment; Mothers, Race; Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (PPVT); Racial Differences; Working Conditions Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. What are the effects of maternal working conditions and child care arrangements on child outcomes? Current arguments suggest that the first year of the child's life is a particularly critical time for development, a time when both maternal absence due to employment outside the home and alternative care arrangements may be detrimental. This paper analyzes the effects of maternal working conditions the mother experienced in the first year of the child's life, the nature of child care arrangements the child experienced then, and family configuration during that time as they impact PPVT for 3-6 year olds of mothers who have worked at any point in the child's life (N=1107). The authors find that work hours is non-linearly related to PPVT, such that intermediate working hours has more negative effects than higher or lower total number of hours; additional analysis suggests that repeated entrances and exits from employment in the child's first year may be detrimental. Child care arrangement characteristics have no effects. It was also found that home environment positively affects PPVT, while numbers of older siblings negatively affect PPVT. When maternal race and measured mental ability (AFQT) are controlled, the authors find that PPVT is strongly associated with race, with children of black, Mexican, and non-Mexican Hispanic mothers having lower PPVT scores than children of white mothers. Maternal AFQT positively affects PPVT. The authors conclude that more analysis is required to specify the mechanism through which the timing and duration of maternal employment in the first year may be affecting child PPVT.
	Bibliography Citation Parcel, Toby L. and Elizabeth G. Menaghan. "Mothers' Careers and Child Development: Evidence from the NLS Youth." Presented: Madrid, Spain, 12th World Congress of Sociology, July 1990.

2.	Straus, Murray A. Paschall, Mallie J.
2.	Corporal Punishment by Mothers and Child's Cognitive Development: A Longitudinal Study Presented: Montreal, QC, 14th World Congress of Sociology, August 1998. Cohort(s): Children of the NLSY79 Publisher: International Sociological Association Keyword(s): Body Parts Recognition; Discipline; Parenting Skills/Styles; Peabody Individual Achievement Test (PIAT- Math); Peabody Individual Achievement Test (PIAT- Reading); Punishment, Corporal Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. This research tested the theory that use of corporal punishment (CP) by parents (such as slapping a child's hand or "spanking") is associated with restricted cognitive development in children. The hypothesis was tested on 960 children age 1 to 4 in the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth for whom cognitive ability measures were available for Time 1 (1986) and Time 2 (1990). CP was measured by whether the mother was observed hitting the child during the interview and by a question on frequency of CP in the past week. Multiple regression analysis controlled for cognitive ability at Time 1 and for mother's age and education, whether the father was resident in the household, and the child's birthweight, age, and gender. It was found that CP was associated with a decrease in cognitive ability from Time 1 to Time 2. If these findings are confirmed by other research, and if programs to reduse use of CP are successful, there could be major benefits for children and society as a whole. These benefits are not limited to higher cognitive ability. Recent empirical research suggest that reduced CP could also result in less juvenile delinquency and lower rates of a number of behavioral problems.
	Bibliography Citation Straus, Murray A. and Mallie J. Paschall. "Corporal Punishment by Mothers and Child's Cognitive Development: A Longitudinal Study." Presented: Montreal, QC, 14th World Congress of Sociology, August 1998.

Admin