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Source: University of Michigan
Resulting in 3 citations.
1. Depasquale, Christina Marie
Three Essays on Market Structure Variation and Labor Market Outcomes
Ph.D. Dissertation, Department of Business Administration, University of Michigan, 2014.
Also: https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/handle/2027.42/108874
Cohort(s): NLSY79
Publisher: University of Michigan
Keyword(s): Body Mass Index (BMI); Discrimination, Body weight; Labor Market Outcomes; Obesity; Wage Penalty/Career Penalty

Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher.

This dissertation consists of three chapters focusing on market structure variations and labor market outcomes in the health care sector. Chapter 3 (with Mario Macis) examines the effects of obesity on wages and employment levels. The results from previous studies are confirmed-- obese white females suffered a wage and employment penalty in the period 1989-2000. However, these wage penalties disappeared after the year 2000. This chapter also distinguishes between competing explanations for the wage and employment penalties by examining the wages of obese individuals in regions with relatively higher BMIs. The findings are consistent with explanations based on labor market discrimination against obese females, whereas they are not consistent with explanations based on higher health care costs.
Bibliography Citation
Depasquale, Christina Marie. Three Essays on Market Structure Variation and Labor Market Outcomes. Ph.D. Dissertation, Department of Business Administration, University of Michigan, 2014..
2. Flaster, Allyson
Paying Kids' Way: Parental Financial Support and Adolescents' College Choices
Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Michigan, 2017.
Also: http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/140925
Cohort(s): NLSY97
Publisher: University of Michigan
Keyword(s): College Characteristics; College Cost; College Enrollment; Colleges; Coresidence; Expectations/Intentions; Parental Investments; Residence, Return to Parental Home/Delayed Homeleaving

Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher.

In this dissertation, I explore how adolescents' expectations of cash gifts and co-residency from their parents affect whether and where they enroll in college. To do so, I analyze data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997. First, I employ hurdle models to estimate children's expectations of both types of support under a scenario in which they enroll in college and under a scenario in which they forego college. Because children who enroll almost always receive more financial support than children who do not, I label the difference between these expected amounts "the college premium." I find that particular types of children can expect to receive larger cash college premiums than others, and thus have particularly large financial incentives to attend college. First and foremost are the children of highly educated parents, but children from the top half of the income distribution, children who have high solidarity with parents, and children whose parents hold norms of adolescent financial dependency also can expect large increases in cash gifts from parents if they attend college. The only children who receive larger co-residency college premiums than their peers are the children of separated parents. Thus, these children may be particularly incentivized to attend local institutions such as community colleges since co-residency support cannot be used to attend distant colleges. Next, I use multinomial regression to examine the relationship between children's expected college premiums and their probability of foregoing college, attending a two-year college, or attending a four-year college. I find that the size of children's cash college premium has a positive relationship with college attendance, particularly at four-year colleges. I also find that, unlike with the cash college premium, the co-residency college premium has no relationship to children's enrollment outcomes. The results from this study suggest that policymakers and educational researchers who wish to reduce educational stratification should look more closely at the intersection between children's expectations of parental support, parental willingness and ability to pay for college, and the way postsecondary education is financed in the United States.
Bibliography Citation
Flaster, Allyson. Paying Kids' Way: Parental Financial Support and Adolescents' College Choices. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Michigan, 2017..
3. Wise, Akilah
Educational Advantage and Unintended Pregnancy
Ph.D. Dissertation, Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, University of Michigan, 2015.
Also: https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/handle/2027.42/111351
Cohort(s): NLSY79
Publisher: University of Michigan
Keyword(s): Education; First Birth; Pregnancy and Pregnancy Outcomes; Socioeconomic Background

Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher.

The quantitative study tests whether educational advantage in early life impacts the likelihood of unintended pregnancy among adult females using a nationally representative survey of young adults and multinomial logistic regression. I find that educational advantage predicts pregnancy intention of first births; specifically, high-advantage women were more likely to have their pregnancies classified as unintended. This finding suggests that pregnancy intention differentials by education emerge from early education processes that shape the desire to enter motherhood.
Bibliography Citation
Wise, Akilah. Educational Advantage and Unintended Pregnancy. Ph.D. Dissertation, Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, University of Michigan, 2015..