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Source: Society for the Study of Social Problems

Resulting in 4 citations.

1.	Caputo, Richard K.
1.	Family Poverty and Public Dependency Presented: New York, NY, Society for the Study of Social Problems Annual Meetings, August 1996 Cohort(s): NLSY79 Publisher: Society for the Study of Social Problems Keyword(s): Age at First Intercourse; Aid for Families with Dependent Children (AFDC); Education; Family Characteristics; Food Stamps (see Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program); Gender Differences; Marital Status; Poverty; Self-Esteem; Unemployment Compensation; Welfare Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. Data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (1993) were used to identify determinants of public benefits among families above & below the official poverty line in 1992. The relative effects of sociodemographic and attitudinal/cultural characteristics were assessed to determine the likelihood of male and female respondents receiving AFDC (Aid to Families with Dependent Children), food stamps, and/or unemployment compensation (UC) benefits. The hypothesis that sociodemographic factors would have far greater explanatory power than attitudinal/cultural characteristics in determining use of public assistance, regardless of sex and poverty status, was tested with a sample of nearly 1,300, 22.3% of whom received either AFDC, UC, food stamps, or some combination. Logistic regression analysis revealed that many of the same sociodemographic characteristics exerted similar influence among men & women on the likelihood of using public assistance, regardless of poverty status. Marital status & education were notable exceptions. Female recipients of public assistance were less likely to be married, while male recipients were more likely to be married only if they were poor. Education affected only the nonpoor. Regarding attitudinal/cultural characteristics, age of first sexual intercourse influenced use of public assistance only for nonpoor women, while self-esteem did so only for poor women. Findings suggest that men and women used public assistance as a buffer against economic vulnerability, and that increased education might be a less effective means to self-sufficiency than commonly thought. Antipoverty policy implications are discussed. (Copyright 1996, Sociological Abstracts, Inc., all rights reserved.)
	Bibliography Citation Caputo, Richard K. "Family Poverty and Public Dependency." Presented: New York, NY, Society for the Study of Social Problems Annual Meetings, August 1996.

2.	Menaghan, Elizabeth G.
2.	The Impact of Occupational and Economic Pressures on Young Mothers' Self-Esteem: Evidence from the NLSY Presented: Washington, DC, Annual Meetings of the Society for the Sociological Study of Social Problems, 1990 Cohort(s): NLSY79 Publisher: Sociological Abstracts Keyword(s): Family Resources; Maternal Employment; Self-Esteem Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. This paper investigates the role that early esteem plays in shaping current circumstances, and the extent to which social circumstances alter self-esteem over time. Data are from the NLSY 1979-1987 and the 1986 Child-Mother Supplement. Controlling for characteristics of the mothers' families of origin and their own early cognitive skills, six years later, mothers with initially low levels of self-esteem had completed fewer years of education, although they had not begun childbearing at a earlier age nor had more children to care for. Early self-esteem also shaped later marital and occupational circumstances: by 1986, women with lower self-esteem were employed in less complex, more poorly paid jobs. As a result, these mothers were experiencing economic insecurity and less satisfying occupational conditions. These conditions shaped later self-esteem: more poorly paid and less complex work, low spousal earnings, and larger family size all contributed to deterioration in self-esteem relative to initial levels. Stated positively, initial levels of esteem increased the likelihood that women would attain more advantaged social positions, and those positions in turn further bolstered mothers' self-confidence. While the personal resources that mothers bring to young adulthood help to propel them onto a trajectory that produces widening differences in young adulthood, such selection effects are relatively weak. The later occupational and family conditions young women experience play a significant role in bolstering or undermining prior levels of self-esteem.
	Bibliography Citation Menaghan, Elizabeth G. "The Impact of Occupational and Economic Pressures on Young Mothers' Self-Esteem: Evidence from the NLSY." Presented: Washington, DC, Annual Meetings of the Society for the Sociological Study of Social Problems, 1990.

3.	Rogers, Stacy J. Menaghan, Elizabeth G.
3.	Family Effects on Children's Social and Emotional Outcomes: The Impact of Marital Quality and Mother-Child Interaction Patterns Presented: Cincinnati, OH, Annual Meeting of the Society for the Study of Social Problems, August 1991 Cohort(s): Children of the NLSY79, NLSY79 Publisher: Society for the Study of Social Problems Keyword(s): Behavior Problems Index (BPI); Behavioral Problems; Child Development; Children; Children, Behavioral Development; Home Observation for Measurement of Environment (HOME); Marital Instability; Marital Satisfaction/Quality; Self-Esteem; Self-Perception Profile for Children (SPPC); Sociability/Socialization/Social Interaction Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. This paper assesses the impact of marital quality and mother-child interaction patterns on children's self-esteem and maternal reports of child behavior problems. Persistent marital conflict, however low level, may affect the interaction patterns of mothers and their children, which in turn influences children's behavioral and emotional development. Also, the extent to which children's self-esteem may mediate the effects of marital conflict and mother- child interaction on children's behavior problems is investigated. The potential differences for stepfather families compared to intact families are also assessed. A sample of 688 8 to 11 year old children and their mothers and fathers or stepfathers from the NLSY in 1988 were used to investigate these questions. It was found that supportive marital relationships have positive, direct affects on the quality of the mother/child interaction. Emotionally positive and supportive interactions between mothers and their children ar e significantly related to increased child self-esteem and reports of fewer behavior problems in children. Children's self-esteem and behavior problems are also directly affected by the level of conflict in the parents' marital relationship. High marital conflict is significantly related to lower child self-esteem and reports of more child behavior problems. Children's self-esteem is significantly, negatively related to their reported level of behavior problems.
	Bibliography Citation Rogers, Stacy J. and Elizabeth G. Menaghan. "Family Effects on Children's Social and Emotional Outcomes: The Impact of Marital Quality and Mother-Child Interaction Patterns." Presented: Cincinnati, OH, Annual Meeting of the Society for the Study of Social Problems, August 1991.

4.	Tice, Peter Charles
4.	Poverty and Change in Children's Depression and Self-Esteem During the Adolescent Transition Presented: Washington, DC, Society for the Study of Social Problems Annual Meeting, August 2000 Cohort(s): Children of the NLSY79, NLSY79 Publisher: Sociological Abstracts Keyword(s): Child Development; Child Health; Children, Mental Health; Cognitive Development; Depression (see also CESD); Health Factors; Home Environment; Poverty; Psychological Effects; Self-Esteem Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. Research on mental health effects of child poverty and self-concept research are integrated for a study investigating the relationship between change in children's self-esteem and depression as a function of specific poverty experiences during the adolescent transition. The underlying hypothesis is that poverty status over time matters in describing a self-esteem and/or depression growth trajectory. In other words, self-esteem and depression growth trajectories should vary systematically by the specific poverty sequences children experience. The data for this paper come from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, a multipurpose sample originally designed to study young women, ages 14-21, in 1979; in 1986, NLSY began collecting information on the children of these mothers every two years. The 1990, 1992, and 1994 waves meet the basic requirements for studying change with growth curve analysis. This paper, however, juxtaposes results from a growth curve model with those from a piecewise model. The piecewise model compensates for a tendency in the linear growth model to ignore change associated with the second data wave. The results are based on 895 children, between the ages 8-10 in 1990. The sample is subdivided by the eight possible poverty sequences between 1990 and 1994. The statistical models control for both child and mother demographics as well as three home environment variables measuring available levels of cognitive stimulation and emotional support and the physical conditions of the home itself. The results show that studying change with a piecewise model provides a different picture of who is changing and how they change compared to results based on a linear growth model. In many, but not all instances, the linear growth model misrepresents the change process of children with specific poverty experiences. As for control variables, the results show that the home environment plays a central role, especially cognitive stimulation available to children.
	Bibliography Citation Tice, Peter Charles. "Poverty and Change in Children's Depression and Self-Esteem During the Adolescent Transition." Presented: Washington, DC, Society for the Study of Social Problems Annual Meeting, August 2000.

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