Search Results

View Selected Citations Select and View All Search Citations

Source: Population Studies

Resulting in 4 citations.

1.	Calhoun, Charles A. Espenshade, Thomas J.
1.	Childbearing and Wives' Foregone Earnings Population Studies 42,1 (March 1988): 5-37 Cohort(s): Mature Women, NLSY79, Young Women Publisher: Population Investigation Committee Keyword(s): Childbearing; Earnings; Fertility; Labor Force Participation; Racial Differences Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. This paper combines multi-state life-table analysis and the human capital model of wages to derive new estimates of the impact of children on hours of market work and earnings for American women aged 15 to 55. Panel data from the NLS Mature Women, Young Women, and NLSY are used to estimate multi-state tables of working life and to assess the impact of fertility on female labour force behaviour. Potential earnings based on a human capital wage model are combined with the working life histories implied by the life-table analysis to estimate opportunity expenditures (i.e. the money value of foregone employment opportunities) associated with different childbearing patterns. The impacts of race, school enrollment, educational attainment, marital status, marital status changes, birth cohort and fertility are considered. Some specific findings are: (1) with identical childbearing patterns, white women forego roughly five times as much as black women in market earnings between the ages of 15 and 55 - approximately $25,000 per birth for white women, versus $5,000 per birth for black women, in 1981 dollars; (2) foregone hours of market work per birth are two to three times higher for white women than for black women approximately 1,500 to 3,000 hours per birth for white women, compared with 600 to 1,000 hours per birth for black women; (3) opportunity expenditures for white women and more educated black women have been declining over time; (4) opportunity expenditures on children are roughly proportional to the number of births, for women of similar background and labour market experience; and (5) it is the labour supply reductions immediately following each birth that contribute most to observed opportunity expenditures, whereas the marginal effect of total family size is small by comparison.
	Bibliography Citation Calhoun, Charles A. and Thomas J. Espenshade. "Childbearing and Wives' Foregone Earnings." Population Studies 42,1 (March 1988): 5-37.

2.	Lee, D. Susie Nitsche, Natalie Barclay, Kieron
2.	Body Mass Index in Early Adulthood and Transition to First Birth: Racial/Ethnic and Sex Differences in the United States NLSY79 Cohort Population Studies: A Journal of Demography published online (25 October 2022): DOI: 10.1080/00324728.2022.2128396. Also: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00324728.2022.2128396 Cohort(s): NLSY79 Publisher: Taylor & Francis Keyword(s): Body Mass Index (BMI); Ethnic Differences; First Birth; Gender Differences; Obesity; Racial Differences Studies show that body mass index during early adulthood ('early BMI') predicts the transition to first birth, but early childbearers tend to be omitted from such studies. This sample selection distorts the prevalence of childlessness, and particularly the racial/ethnic heterogeneity therein, because first birth timing differs by race/ethnicity. We imputed pre-parenthood early BMI for a larger sample, including early childbearers, for the same United States NLSY79 data used in a previous study and simulated differences in the probability of childlessness at age 40+ using posterior distributions based on the Bayesian framework. Obesity was consistently associated with higher childlessness across racial/ethnic groups in both sexes, but only among obese women were first births delayed until after early adulthood. The overall lower childlessness among the underweight women appeared largely driven by Black women. Our findings on the intersectionality of race/ethnicity and sex in the BMI-childlessness pathways encourage research on the underlying mechanisms and on more recent cohorts across different societies.
	Bibliography Citation Lee, D. Susie, Natalie Nitsche and Kieron Barclay. "Body Mass Index in Early Adulthood and Transition to First Birth: Racial/Ethnic and Sex Differences in the United States NLSY79 Cohort." Population Studies: A Journal of Demography published online (25 October 2022): DOI: 10.1080/00324728.2022.2128396.

3.	Mott, Frank L. Shapiro, David
3.	Complementarity of Work and Fertility Among Young American Mothers Population Studies 37,2 (July 1983): 239-252 Cohort(s): Young Women Publisher: Population Investigation Committee Keyword(s): Childbearing, Adolescent; Children; Employment; Fertility; Life Cycle Research; Mothers Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. This research uses data from the Young Women's cohort of the NLS to examine the extent to which women maintain a continuity of work attachment during their early childbearing years, the years when they traditionally were most likely to withdraw from the work force. The results indicate that women who maintain closer ties to the work force immediately before and after their first birth are also more likely to be employed in l978--between five and ten years after the first birth-- independent of intervening fertility events and other labor supply factors considered to be important predictors of work. The research supports the notion that work and fertility are increasingly becoming complementary activities for American women.
	Bibliography Citation Mott, Frank L. and David Shapiro. "Complementarity of Work and Fertility Among Young American Mothers." Population Studies 37,2 (July 1983): 239-252.

4.	Sironi, Maria Kashyap, Ridhi
4.	Internet Access and Partnership Formation in the United States Population Studies published online (23 November 2021): DOI: 10.1080/00324728.2021.1999485. Also: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00324728.2021.1999485 Cohort(s): NLSY97 Publisher: Taylor & Francis Group Keyword(s): Cohabitation; Computer Use/Internet Access; Current Population Survey (CPS) / CPS-Fertility Supplement; Marital Status Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. The Internet has fundamentally altered how we communicate and access information and who we can interact with. However, the implications of Internet access for partnership formation are theoretically ambiguous. We examine their association using data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY97) and Current Population Survey (CPS) in the United States. We find that the relationship between Internet access and partnership states (in the NLSY97) or partnership status (in the CPS) is age-dependent. While negative at the youngest adult ages, the association becomes positive as individuals reach their mid- to late 20s, for both same-sex and different-sex partnerships. The results suggest that Internet access is positively associated with union formation when individuals enter the stage in the young adult life course when they feel ready to commit to a long-term partnership. Our study contributes to a growing literature that highlights the implications of digital technologies for demographic processes.
	Bibliography Citation Sironi, Maria and Ridhi Kashyap. "Internet Access and Partnership Formation in the United States." Population Studies published online (23 November 2021): DOI: 10.1080/00324728.2021.1999485.

Admin