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Source: International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology

Resulting in 4 citations.

1.	Brewer, Russell Cale, Jesse Goldsmith, Andrew Holt, Thomas J. Logos, Katie Whitten, Tyson
1.	Exploring the Role of Self-Control Across Distinct Patterns of Cyber-Deviance in Emerging Adolescence International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology published online (4 January 2024). Also: https://doi.org/10.1177/0306624X231220011 Cohort(s): NLSY79, NLSY97 Publisher: Sage Publications Keyword(s): Adolescent Behavior; Cyber-Deviance; Self-Control/Self-Regulation Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. A disproportionally large number of adolescents engage in cyber-deviance. However, it is unclear if distinct patterns of adolescent cyber-deviance are evident, and if so, whether and to what extent low self-control is associated with different patterns of cyber-deviance. The current study addressed this research gap by examining the relationship between self-control and distinct latent classes of adolescent cyber-deviance net of potential confounders among a cross-sectional sample of 1793 South Australian adolescents. Four latent classes were identified, each characterized by varying probabilities of involvement in six types of cyber-deviance that were measured. The versatile class (n = 413) had the lowest average level of self-control, followed by the harmful content users (n = 439) and digital piracy (n = 356) classes, with the abstainer class (n = 585) characterized by the highest self-control. Analysis of covariance indicated that the abstainer group had significantly higher self-control than other classes of cyber-deviance. Although the versatile class had noticeably lower average self-control scores than the harmful content users and digital piracy groups, this difference was not significant after correcting for multiple comparisons. Collectively, these findings suggest that self-control appears to distinguish between those who do and do not engage in cyber-deviance but may not distinguish between distinct patterns of cyber-deviance net of other factors.
	Bibliography Citation Brewer, Russell, Jesse Cale, Andrew Goldsmith, Thomas J. Holt, Katie Logos and Tyson Whitten. "Exploring the Role of Self-Control Across Distinct Patterns of Cyber-Deviance in Emerging Adolescence." International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology published online (4 January 2024).

2.	Hartman, Jennifer L. Turner, Michael G. Daigle, Leah E. Exum, M. Lyn Cullen, Francis T.
2.	Exploring the Gender Differences in Protective Factors International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology 52,3 (June 2009): 249-277 Cohort(s): Children of the NLSY79 Publisher: Sage Publications Keyword(s): Delinquency/Gang Activity; Drug Use; Gender Differences; Resilience/Developmental Assets Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. Understanding the causes of why individuals desist from or are resilient to delinquency and drug use has become a salient social concern. Much research has centered on the effects that protective factors possess in fostering resiliency but that research has not fully explored how the effects of protective factors might vary across gender. Using a sample of 711 individuals from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, Child-Mother data set, the authors investigate how individual protective factors vary across gender on two measures of resiliency that document the lack of involvement in serious delinquency and drug use. They also examine whether the accumulation of protective factors varies across gender in fostering resiliency. The findings suggest that although males and females rely on different individual protective factors to foster resiliency, the accumulation of protective factors appears to be equally important for males and females in promoting resiliency. The authors discuss theoretical and policy implications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
	Bibliography Citation Hartman, Jennifer L., Michael G. Turner, Leah E. Daigle, M. Lyn Exum and Francis T. Cullen. "Exploring the Gender Differences in Protective Factors." International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology 52,3 (June 2009): 249-277.

3.	Nighswander, Tristan J. Roddy, Ariel L.
3.	Mixed Signals: The Effect of Employment Training on Employment Outcomes for Previously Incarcerated Individuals International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology published online (10 November 2023). Also: https://doi.org/10.1177/0306624X231206514 Cohort(s): NLSY97 Publisher: Sage Publications Keyword(s): Criminal Justice System; Criminal Justice Theory; Economic Theory; Employment; Employment Interventions; Employment Outcomes; Human Capital Theory; Incarcerated/Jailed Individuals, Previously or Formerly; Incarceration/Jail; Incarceration/Jail, Personal History of; Job Applicant; Job Productivity; Job Training; Signaling Theory; Training; Training, Employee; Training, Pre-employment; Wages; Worker Productivity; Workers Ability Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. This work investigates the effects of pre-employment training on employment outcomes for previously incarcerated individuals using two theories developed in the discipline of economics: human capital theory and signaling theory. Human capital theory suggests that preemployment training increases wages and the likelihood of employment by building relevant skills that would improve productivity. Signaling theory asserts that the completion of pre-employment training acts as a signal of participant ability, as ability is known to the applicant but unknown to employers. Using the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, results support hypotheses related to signaling theory for individuals without a history of incarceration, but show no meaningful relationship between pre-employment training and employment outcomes for previously incarcerated individuals. Findings contribute to both economic and criminal justice theory and can be used to inform employment interventions for those with or without a history of incarceration.
	Bibliography Citation Nighswander, Tristan J. and Ariel L. Roddy. "Mixed Signals: The Effect of Employment Training on Employment Outcomes for Previously Incarcerated Individuals." International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology published online (10 November 2023).

4.	Turner, Michael G. Phillips, Matthew D. Tigri, Henry B. Williams, Meredith A. Hartman, Jennifer L.
4.	On the Association Between Repeat Bully Victimizations and Carrying a Firearm: Evidence in a National Sample International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology 60,8 (June 2016): 871-896. Also: http://ijo.sagepub.com/content/60/8/871.abstract Cohort(s): NLSY97 Publisher: Sage Publications Keyword(s): Bullying/Victimization; Childhood Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. Bullying is a significant public concern. The purpose of the present study is to investigate whether being repeatedly victimized by a bully during childhood and adolescence is associated with gun carrying in adolescence and adulthood. Using data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997, we found that just over one fourth of the respondents reported carrying a gun at some point in their lifetime. Respondents experiencing repeat bully victimizations reported higher rates of gun carrying during the last 12 months and the last 30 days. No support was found for the association of repeat bully victimizations and carrying a gun to school. Individuals victimized during childhood (before the age of 12) and during adolescence were found to be at risk of carrying a gun later in the life course. Repeat bully victimizations should be considered a marker for gun-carrying behaviors in adolescence and adulthood.
	Bibliography Citation Turner, Michael G., Matthew D. Phillips, Henry B. Tigri, Meredith A. Williams and Jennifer L. Hartman. "On the Association Between Repeat Bully Victimizations and Carrying a Firearm: Evidence in a National Sample." International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology 60,8 (June 2016): 871-896.

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