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Source: Development and Psychopathology

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1.	Colder, Craig R. Mott, Joshua Adam Berman, Arielle S.
1.	The Interactive Effects of Infant Activity Level and Fear on Growth Trajectories of Early Childhood Behavior Problems Development and Psychopathology 14,1 (Winter 2002): 1-23. Also: http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayAbstract?fromPage=online&aid=100919&fulltextType=RA&fileId=S0954579402001013 Cohort(s): Children of the NLSY79 Publisher: Cambridge University Press Keyword(s): Behavior Problems Index (BPI); Child Health; Depression (see also CESD); Gender Differences; Growth Curves; Temperament Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. The current study examined the interactive effects of infant activity level and fear on growth trajectories of behavior problems in early childhood (age 4 to 8 years) using maternal ratings. The sample was drawn from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY) and included children who were between 1 and 11 months in 1986. Findings suggested that boys characterized by high activity level and low levels of fear in infancy escalated in both externalizing and internalizing symptoms. Also, boys characterized by high fear and low activity level increased in internalizing symptoms and these effects seemed to be specific to depression rather than anxiety. Temperament did not predict escalation in externalizing symptomatology for girls, but low levels of fear predicted increases in internalizing symptoms. There was also evidence for a decline in depression specific symptoms for girls characterized by high fear and low activity in infancy. These findings suggest the importance of examining interactive models of temperament risk and considering gender specific pathways to behavior problems. Copyright ? 2002 Cambridge University Press.
	Bibliography Citation Colder, Craig R., Joshua Adam Mott and Arielle S. Berman. "The Interactive Effects of Infant Activity Level and Fear on Growth Trajectories of Early Childhood Behavior Problems." Development and Psychopathology 14,1 (Winter 2002): 1-23.

2.	Crockett, Lisa J. Moilanen, Kristin L. Raffaelli, Marcela Randall, Brandy A.
2.	Psychological Profiles and Adolescent Adjustment: A Person-Centered Approach Development and Psychopathology 18,1 (Winter 2006): 195-214. Also: http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayAbstract?fromPage=online&aid=405290&fulltextType=RA&fileId=S0954579406060111 Cohort(s): Children of the NLSY79, NLSY79 Young Adult Publisher: Cambridge University Press Keyword(s): Adolescent Behavior; Behavior Problems Index (BPI); Behavioral Problems; Child Self-Administered Supplement (CSAS); Depression (see also CESD); Parent-Child Relationship/Closeness; Peers/Peer influence/Peer relations; Risk-Taking; Self-Esteem; Self-Perception; Self-Perception Profile for Children (SPPC); Self-Regulation/Self-Control; Substance Use Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. The association between young adolescents' psychological profiles and their subsequent adjustment was examined in a sample of 606 adolescents (ages 12-13) drawn from the mother-child data set of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth. Cluster analysis was used to identify distinct groups of youth based on self-regulation, proneness to risk, self-worth, and perceived academic competence. Five replicable clusters were identified corresponding to optimal, average, behavioral risk, low self-regulation, and emotional risk groups. These clusters were associated with distinct patterns of adjustment 4 years later. At ages 16-17, youth in the optimal group tended to report better academic performance, less problem behavior, and less depression than youth in the three risk groups; however, their functioning did not differ significantly from youth in the average group. The three risk groups differed in self-reported depression symptoms and academic performance but not in levels of problem behavior. Differences among the five groups persisted when demographic and contextual variables were controlled. These results support the existence of different groups of youth who follow distinct developmental trajectories and may experience different patterns of adjustment. Copyright © 2006 Cambridge University Press
	Bibliography Citation Crockett, Lisa J., Kristin L. Moilanen, Marcela Raffaelli and Brandy A. Randall. "Psychological Profiles and Adolescent Adjustment: A Person-Centered Approach." Development and Psychopathology 18,1 (Winter 2006): 195-214.

3.	D'Onofrio, Brian M. Van Hulle, Carol A. Waldman, Irwin D. Rodgers, Joseph Lee Harden, K. Paige Rathouz, Paul J. Lahey, Benjamin B.
3.	Smoking During Pregnancy And Offspring Externalizing Problems: An Exploration of Genetic and Environmental Confounds Development and Psychopathology 20,1 (Winter 2008): 139-164. Also: http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayAbstract?fromPage=online&aid=1641960&fulltextType=RA&fileId=S0954579408000072 Cohort(s): Children of the NLSY79, NLSY79 Publisher: Cambridge University Press Keyword(s): Attention/Attention Deficit; Behavior Problems Index (BPI); Behavioral Problems; Cigarette Use (see Smoking); Genetics; Pregnancy and Pregnancy Outcomes; Smoking (see Cigarette Use); Variables, Independent - Covariate Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. Previous studies have documented that smoking during pregnancy (SDP) is associated with offspring externalizing problems, even when measured covariates were used to control for possible confounds. However, the association may be because of nonmeasured environmental and genetic factors that increase risk for offspring externalizing problems. The current project used the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth and their children, ages 4-10 years, to explore the relations between SDP and offspring conduct problems (CPs), oppositional defiant problems (ODPs), and attention-deficit/hyperactivity problems (ADHPs) using methodological and statistical controls for confounds. When offspring were compared to their own siblings who differed in their exposure to prenatal nicotine, there was no effect of SDP on offspring CP and ODP. This suggests that SDP does not have a causal effect on offspring CP and ODP. There was a small association between SDP and ADHP, consistent with a causal effect of SDP, but the magnitude of the association was greatly reduced by methodological and statistical controls. Genetically informed analyses suggest that unmeasured environmental variables influencing both SDP and offspring externalizing behaviors account for the previously observed associations. That is, the current analyses imply that important unidentified environmental factors account for the association between SDP and offspring externalizing problems, not teratogenic effects of SDP.
	Bibliography Citation D'Onofrio, Brian M., Carol A. Van Hulle, Irwin D. Waldman, Joseph Lee Rodgers, K. Paige Harden, Paul J. Rathouz and Benjamin B. Lahey. "Smoking During Pregnancy And Offspring Externalizing Problems: An Exploration of Genetic and Environmental Confounds." Development and Psychopathology 20,1 (Winter 2008): 139-164.

4.	James, Spencer Nelson, David A. Jorgensen-Wells, McKell A. Calder, Danielle
4.	Marital Quality over the Life Course and Child Well-being from Childhood to Early Adolescence Development and Psychopathology published online (11 May 2021): DOI: 10.1017/S0954579421000122. Also: https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/development-and-psychopathology/article/abs/marital-quality-over-the-life-course-and-child-wellbeing-from-childhood-to-early-adolescence/20DE781350484F49D5EFA202F4C16D4B Cohort(s): Children of the NLSY79, NLSY79 Publisher: Cambridge University Press Keyword(s): Child Health; Children, Well-Being; Home Environment; Marital Satisfaction/Quality; Peabody Individual Achievement Test (PIAT- Math); Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (PPVT) Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. Research on marital quality and child well-being is currently limited by its common use of geographically constrained, homogenous, and often cross-sectional (or at least temporally limited) samples. We build upon previous work showing multiple trajectories of marital quality and data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth-1979 (NLSY79) regarding mothers and their children (inclusive of ages 5-14). We examine how indicators of child well-being are linked to parental trajectories of marital quality (happiness, communication, and conflict). Results showed children whose parents had consistently poor marital quality over the life course exhibited more internalizing and externalizing problems, poorer health, lower quality home environments, and lower math and vocabulary scores than children of parents in consistently higher-quality marriages. Group differences remained stable over time for child health, home environment, and vocabulary scores. Group differences for internalizing problems declined over time, whereas group differences increased for externalizing problems and math scores. Initial advantages for females across nearly all indicators of child well-being tended to shrink over time, with boys often moving slightly ahead by mid adolescence. We discuss the implications of these findings in regard to children's development and well-being and suggest treating marriage as a monolithic construct betrays important variation within marriage itself.
	Bibliography Citation James, Spencer, David A. Nelson, McKell A. Jorgensen-Wells and Danielle Calder. "Marital Quality over the Life Course and Child Well-being from Childhood to Early Adolescence." Development and Psychopathology published online (11 May 2021): DOI: 10.1017/S0954579421000122.

5.	Mann, Frank D. Paul, Sara L. Tackett, Jennifer L. Tucker-Drob, Elliot M. Harden, K. Paige
5.	Personality Risk for Antisocial Behavior: Testing the Intersections Between Callous-Unemotional Traits, Sensation Seeking, and Impulse Control in Adolescence Development and Psychopathology 30,1 (2018): 267-282. Also: https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/development-and-psychopathology/article/personality-risk-for-antisocial-behavior-testing-the-intersections-between-callousunemotional-traits-sensation-seeking-and-impulse-control-in-adolescence/9CCFB782433FA9F8948CA09BDA90466A Cohort(s): Children of the NLSY79, NLSY79 Young Adult Publisher: Cambridge University Press Keyword(s): Behavior, Antisocial; Personality/Big Five Factor Model or Traits; Self-Control/Self-Regulation Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. The current project seeks to integrate literatures on personality risk for antisocial behavior (ASB) by examining how callous-unemotional traits relate to (a) the development of disinhibited traits and (b) the association between disinhibited traits and ASB. In Study 1, using a nationally representative sample of youth (N > 7,000), we examined whether conduct problems and lack of guilt assessed during ages 4-10 years predicted levels of and changes in disinhibited traits over the course of adolescence, and moderated associations between these traits and ASB. High levels of childhood conduct problems were associated with higher levels of impulsivity, sensation seeking, and ASB in early adolescence, whereas lack of guilt was associated with lower levels of sensation seeking. Neither conduct problems nor lack of guilt significantly predicted changes in impulsivity or sensation seeking, and associations among changes in sensation seeking, impulsivity, and ASB were also consistent across levels of conduct problems and lack of guilt. In Study 2, using a cross-sectional sample of adolescents (N = 970), we tested whether callous-unemotional traits moderated associations between disinhibited traits and ASB. Consistent with the results of Study 1, associations between disinhibited personality and ASB were consistent across a continuous range of callous-unemotional traits.
	Bibliography Citation Mann, Frank D., Sara L. Paul, Jennifer L. Tackett, Elliot M. Tucker-Drob and K. Paige Harden. "Personality Risk for Antisocial Behavior: Testing the Intersections Between Callous-Unemotional Traits, Sensation Seeking, and Impulse Control in Adolescence." Development and Psychopathology 30,1 (2018): 267-282.

6.	Miller, Portia Betancur, Laura Whitfield, Kendra Votruba-Drzal, Elizabeth
6.	Examining Income Dynamics and Externalizing and Internalizing Trajectories through a Developmental Psychopathology Lens: A Nationally Representative Study Development and Psychopathology 33,1 (2021): 1-17. Also: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954579419001494 Cohort(s): Children of the NLSY79, NLSY79 Publisher: Cambridge University Press Keyword(s): Behavior Problems Index (BPI); Family Income; Income Dynamics/Shocks Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. Prior research has documented elevations in levels of internalizing and externalizing behaviors among children in lower income families in comparison to more advantaged peers. However, most studies focus on behavior problems at a single point in time or within a short developmental period. Associations between income dynamics and developmental trajectories of behavior problems over time are less understood. To address this, the current study uses data from the National Longitudinal [Survey] of Youth (N = 7,476; 50.8% male) to examine how income dynamics (annual income and income volatility) across three distinct developmental periods from early childhood to early adolescence relate to trajectories of externalizing and internalizing problems. Group-based mixture modeling revealed a five-group trajectory model for externalizing behavior and a four-group trajectory model for internalizing behavior. Higher cumulative annual income predicted greater likelihood of belonging to the low-stable group compared to the other, more problematic groups for both externalizing and internalizing trajectories. In addition, income losses predicted higher risk of membership in any group other than the low-stable group for internalizing and externalizing behavior. Developmental period-specific income dynamics, though not as consistent as cumulative dynamics, also predicted trajectory group membership.
	Bibliography Citation Miller, Portia, Laura Betancur, Kendra Whitfield and Elizabeth Votruba-Drzal. "Examining Income Dynamics and Externalizing and Internalizing Trajectories through a Developmental Psychopathology Lens: A Nationally Representative Study." Development and Psychopathology 33,1 (2021): 1-17.

7.	Quinn, Patrick D. Harden, K. Paige
7.	Differential Changes in Impulsivity and Sensation Seeking and the Escalation of Substance Use from Adolescence to Early Adulthood Development and Psychopathology 25, Special Issue 01 (February 2013): 223-239. Also: http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayAbstract?fromPage=online&aid=8833710 Cohort(s): NLSY79, NLSY79 Young Adult Publisher: Cambridge University Press Keyword(s): Age at First Birth; Alcohol Use; Armed Forces Qualifications Test (AFQT); Cigarette Use (see Smoking); Delinquency/Gang Activity; Depression (see also CESD); Drug Use; Family Income; Genetics; Kinship; Modeling, Growth Curve/Latent Trajectory Analysis; Mothers, Behavior; Risk-Taking; Siblings; Smoking (see Cigarette Use) Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. Recent evidence suggests that impulsivity and sensation seeking are not stable risk factors for substance use among adolescents and early adults but rather that they undergo significant developmental maturation and change. Further, developmental trends of both personality facets may vary across individuals. In the current investigation, we used longitudinal data from ages 15 to 26 on 5,632 individuals drawn from the offspring generation of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth to examine whether interindividual differences in intraindividual change in impulsivity and sensation seeking predicted the escalation of alcohol, marijuana, and cigarette use in adolescence and early adulthood. Latent growth curve models revealed significant individual differences in rates of change in both personality and substance use. Age-related changes in personality were positively associated with individual differences in substance-use change. Individuals who declined more slowly in impulsivity increased in alcohol, marijuana, and cigarette more rapidly, whereas individuals who declined more slowly in sensation seeking increased more rapidly in alcohol use only. Although risk for substance use across the population may peak during adolescence and early adulthood, this risk may be highest among those who decline more gradually in impulsivity.
	Bibliography Citation Quinn, Patrick D. and K. Paige Harden. "Differential Changes in Impulsivity and Sensation Seeking and the Escalation of Substance Use from Adolescence to Early Adulthood." Development and Psychopathology 25, Special Issue 01 (February 2013): 223-239.

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