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Source: American Journal of Epidemiology

Resulting in 10 citations.

1.	Biello, Katie Brooks Sipsma, Heather L. Kershaw, Trace
1.	Effect of Teenage Parenthood on Mental Health Trajectories: Does Sex Matter? American Journal of Epidemiology 172,3 (1 August 2010): 279-287. Also: http://aje.oxfordjournals.org/content/172/3/279.abstract Cohort(s): NLSY97 Publisher: Johns Hopkins University Press Keyword(s): Childbearing, Adolescent; Health, Mental/Psychological; Modeling, Mixed Effects; Parent-Child Relationship/Closeness; Parenthood; Pregnancy, Adolescent; Teenagers Rates of teenage pregnancy and parenthood in the United States remain high. Although many consequences of teenage parenthood have been well studied, little prospective research has examined its effect on mental health. This study aims to better understand the impact of teenage parenthood on mental health and to determine whether sex modifies this relation. Using data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, 1997 (1997-2006), and a matched cohort design, the authors compared changes in the mental health of parenting teenagers and nonparenting teenagers over 6 years of follow-up with mixed-effects regression. The results indicate that mental health improved for all teenagers over 6 years of follow-up. Furthermore, overall, teenage parenthood was not associated with changes in mental health; however, sex modified this relation. Although the mental health of teenage fathers improved at a faster rate compared with nonparenting teenage males, teenage mothers improved at a slower rate compared with nonparenting teenage females. Psychological health has important implications for both the teenage parent and the child. Future studies should aim to better understand the mechanisms through which teenage parenthood impacts mental health among both males and females, and interventions should be developed to ensure mental health among young parents. Copyright of American Journal of Epidemiology is the property of Oxford University Press / UK and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
	Bibliography Citation Biello, Katie Brooks, Heather L. Sipsma and Trace Kershaw. "Effect of Teenage Parenthood on Mental Health Trajectories: Does Sex Matter?" American Journal of Epidemiology 172,3 (1 August 2010): 279-287.

2.	Geronimus, Arline T. Korenman, Sanders D.
2.	Maternal Youth or Family Background? On the Health Disadvantages of Infants with Teenage Mothers American Journal of Epidemiology 137,2 (15 January 1993): 213-225. Also: http://aje.oxfordjournals.org/content/137/2/213.abstract Cohort(s): NLSY79 Publisher: Johns Hopkins University Press Keyword(s): Adolescent Fertility; Alcohol Use; Birthweight; First Birth; Health Factors; Household Composition; Pre-natal Care/Exposure; Pre/post Natal Behavior; Pre/post Natal Health Care; Racial Differences; Siblings; Socioeconomic Status (SES) The health disadvantages of infants with teenage mothers are well documented. Because poor and minority women are disproportionately represented among teen mothers, differences in infant health by maternal age may reflect family background pre-childbearing) characteristics rather than the effects of maternal age. To control for differences in family background, the authors compared birth outcomes and maternal behaviors that could affect fetal or infant health among sisters in the US National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (1979-1988). They compared sisters who had first births at different ages in order to study the relation between maternal age and low birth weight, prenatal care, smoking and alcohol use during pregnancy, breast feeding, and well-child visits. The authors found evidence that maternal family background accounts for many of the health-related disadvantages of the firstborn infants of teenage mothers. The findings suggest that disadvantaged black primiparous women in their twenties may be an important and possibly underemphasized target population for interventions designed to reduce excess black low birth weight and infant mortality rates.
	Bibliography Citation Geronimus, Arline T. and Sanders D. Korenman. "Maternal Youth or Family Background? On the Health Disadvantages of Infants with Teenage Mothers." American Journal of Epidemiology 137,2 (15 January 1993): 213-225.

3.	Hamad, Rita Rehkopf, David
3.	Poverty and Child Development: A Longitudinal Study of the Impact of the Earned Income Tax Credit American Journal of Epidemiology 183,9 (1 May 2016): 775-784. Also: http://aje.oxfordjournals.org/content/183/9/775.abstract Cohort(s): Children of the NLSY79, NLSY79 Publisher: Oxford University Press Keyword(s): Behavior Problems Index (BPI); Children, Poverty; Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC); Family Income; Home Observation for Measurement of Environment (HOME); Modeling, Fixed Effects; Modeling, Instrumental Variables; Socioeconomic Factors; State-Level Data/Policy Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. Although adverse socioeconomic conditions are correlated with worse child health and development, the effects of poverty-alleviation policies are less understood. We examined the associations of the Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC) on child development and used an instrumental variable approach to estimate the potential impacts of income. We used data from the US National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (n = 8,186) during 1986-2000 to examine effects on the Behavioral Problems Index (BPI) and Home Observation Measurement of the Environment inventory (HOME) scores.
	Bibliography Citation Hamad, Rita and David Rehkopf. "Poverty and Child Development: A Longitudinal Study of the Impact of the Earned Income Tax Credit." American Journal of Epidemiology 183,9 (1 May 2016): 775-784.

4.	Jokela, Markus
4.	Religiosity, Psychological Distress, and Wellbeing: Evaluating Familial Confounding with Multicohort Sibling Data American Journal of Epidemiology published online (16 November 2021): DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwab276/6429428. Also: https://academic.oup.com/aje/advance-article/doi/10.1093/aje/kwab276/6429428 Cohort(s): NLSY79, NLSY79 Young Adult, NLSY97 Publisher: Oxford University Press Keyword(s): British Household Panel Survey (BHPS); Cross-national Analysis; Depression (see also CESD); Family Background and Culture; German Socio-Economic Panel (GSOEP); Mid-Life in the United States (MIDUS); Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID); Religious Influences; Siblings; Well-Being Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. Several studies have associated religiosity with better mental health, but these studies have only partially addressed the problem of confounding. The current study pooled data from multiple cohort studies with siblings to examine whether associations between religiosity and mental health are confounded by familial factors (i.e., shared family background and siblings' shared genetics). Data were collected between 1982 and 2017. Mental health was assessed with self-reported psychological distress (including depressive symptoms) and psychological wellbeing. Religious attendance was associated with lower psychological distress (B=-0.14 standard-deviation difference between weekly vs never attendance, CI=-0.19, -0.09; n=24,598 pairs) and this was attenuated by almost half in the sibling analysis (B=-0.08, CI=-0.13, -0.04). Religious attendance was also related to higher wellbeing (B=0.29, CI=0.09, 0.50; n=3,728 pairs) and this estimate remained unchanged in sibling analysis. Results were similar for religiousness. The findings suggest that previous longitudinal studies may have overestimated the association between religiosity and psychological distress, as the sibling estimate was only one-third of the previously reported meta-analytic association (standardized correlation -0.03 vs -0.08).
	Bibliography Citation Jokela, Markus. "Religiosity, Psychological Distress, and Wellbeing: Evaluating Familial Confounding with Multicohort Sibling Data." American Journal of Epidemiology published online (16 November 2021): DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwab276/6429428.

5.	LeMasters, Katherine Renson, Audrey Zalla, Lauren Martin, Chantel L. Edwards, Jessie K.
5.	Understanding the Accumulation of Health-related Inequities over the Life Course Using the Mean Cumulative Count American Journal of Epidemiology published online (22 May 2023): DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwad123. Also: https://academic.oup.com/aje/advance-article/doi/10.1093/aje/kwad123/7176017 Cohort(s): NLSY97 Publisher: Johns Hopkins University Press Keyword(s): Health/Health Status/SF-12 Scale; Life Course; Stress Understanding how health inequities develop over time is necessary to inform interventions, but methods to do so are underutilized. We provide an example of the accumulation of stressful life events using the mean cumulative count (MCC), which estimates the expected number of events per person as a function of time, allowing for censoring and competing events. Data come from the National Longitudinal Survey on Youth 1997, a nationally representative data set. To compare the MCC with standard practice, we present the proportion experiencing 1, 2, and 3+ stressful events and the cumulative probability of experiencing at least 1 event by end of follow-up. Our sample included 6,522 individuals ages 18-33 followed for a median of 14 years. Using the MCC, by age 20, the expected number of encounters was 56 events/100 for Black non-Hispanic, 47/100 for White non-Hispanic, and 50/100 for Hispanic persons. By age 33, inequities grew to 117, 99, and 108 events/100, respectively. The MCC revealed that inequities in stressful events accumulate over early adulthood, partially driven by repeat events; this information was not evident from conventional approaches. This method can be used to identify intervention points for disrupting the accumulation of repeat events to improve health equity.
	Bibliography Citation LeMasters, Katherine, Audrey Renson, Lauren Zalla, Chantel L. Martin and Jessie K. Edwards. "Understanding the Accumulation of Health-related Inequities over the Life Course Using the Mean Cumulative Count." American Journal of Epidemiology published online (22 May 2023): DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwad123.

6.	Miller, Jane E. Korenman, Sanders D.
6.	Poverty and Children's Nutritional Status in the United States American Journal of Epidemiology 140,3 (1 August 1994): 233-243. Also: http://aje.oxfordjournals.org/content/140/3/233.abstract Cohort(s): Children of the NLSY79, NLSY79 Publisher: Johns Hopkins University Press Keyword(s): Age at First Birth; Armed Forces Qualifications Test (AFQT); Behavior Problems Index (BPI); Birthweight; Child Health; Family Structure; Height; Height, Height-Weight Ratios; Home Observation for Measurement of Environment (HOME); Income Level; Marital Status; Minorities; Mothers, Education; Mothers, Height; Nutritional Status/Nutrition/Consumption Behaviors; Parents, Single; Peabody Individual Achievement Test (PIAT- Math); Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (PPVT); Poverty; Verbal Memory (McCarthy Scale); Weight This study describes deficits in nutritional status among poor children in the United States using data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth for children born between 1979 and 1988. The prevalence of low height-for-age (stunting) and low weight-for-height (wasting) is higher among children in persistently poor families. Differentials appear greater according to long-term rather than short-term income; hence, single-year income measures do not adequately capture the effects of persistent poverty on children's nutritional status. Differences in nutritional status between poor and nonpoor children remain large even when controls for other characteristics associated with poverty, such as low maternal educational attainment, single-parent family structure, young maternal age,low maternal academic ability, and minority racial identification, are included. The excess risks of stunting and wasting among poor children are not reduced appreciably when size of the infant at birth or mother's height and weight are controlled.
	Bibliography Citation Miller, Jane E. and Sanders D. Korenman. "Poverty and Children's Nutritional Status in the United States." American Journal of Epidemiology 140,3 (1 August 1994): 233-243.

7.	Starfield, Barbara Shapiro, Sam Weiss, Judith Liang, Kung-Yee Knut, Ra Paige, David Wang, Xiaobin
7.	Race, Family Income, and Low Birth Weight American Journal of Epidemiology 134,10 (November 1991): 1167-1174. Also: http://aje.oxfordjournals.org/content/134/10/1167.abstract Cohort(s): NLSY79 Publisher: Johns Hopkins University Press Keyword(s): Age and Ageing; Birthweight; Cigarette Use (see Smoking); Education; Family Income; Fertility; Marital Status; Mothers, Education; Pregnancy and Pregnancy Outcomes; Racial Differences; Variables, Independent - Covariate; Women The relations among race, family income, and low birth weight were examined using information obtained from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, which conducted yearly interviews with a nationally representative sample of young women identified in the late 1970s. Data were available for these women and their offspring from 1979 through 1988. Maternal education, maternal age, age/parity risk, marital status, and smoking during pregnancy served as covariates in cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses. The risk of low birth weight among births to black women and white women who were poor was at similarly high levels regardless of whether poverty was determined prior to study entrance or during the study period. Longitudinal analyses showed an exceptionally large increase in risk of low birth weight among children born to women whose prior pregnancy ended in a low-birth-weight infant. These two findings emphasize the importance of factors antecedent to the pregnancy in the genesis of low birth weight.
	Bibliography Citation Starfield, Barbara, Sam Shapiro, Judith Weiss, Kung-Yee Liang, Ra Knut, David Paige and Xiaobin Wang. "Race, Family Income, and Low Birth Weight." American Journal of Epidemiology 134,10 (November 1991): 1167-1174.

8.	Strobino, Donna M. Ensminger, Margaret E. Kim, Young J. Nanda, Joy
8.	Mechanisms for Maternal Age Differences in Birth Weight American Journal of Epidemiology 142,5 (September 1995): 504-514. Also: http://aje.oxfordjournals.org/content/142/5/504 Cohort(s): NLSY79 Publisher: Johns Hopkins University Press Keyword(s): Age at First Birth; Birthweight; Child Health; Ethnic Groups/Ethnicity; Family Characteristics; Fertility; First Birth; Household Composition; Mothers, Adolescent; Mothers, Education; Poverty; Pre-natal Care/Exposure; Pre/post Natal Behavior; Pre/post Natal Health Care The authors studied three hypothesized explanations for reduced birth weights of infants born to US adolescent mothers—social disadvantage, biologic immaturity, and unhealthy behaviors during pregnancy. A hierarchical regression analysis was pursued to evaluate these explanations using data from the National Longitudinal Study of Youth on 1,754 first births between 1979 and 1983 to women aged 14–25 years at the time of birth. The birth weights of infants of mothers aged 14–17, 18–19, and 20–23 years were 133, 54, and 88 g less than for infants of mothers aged 23–25. The regression results indicate that the reduced birth weights of infants born to young mothers, particularly women aged 14–17, were related to their disadvantaged social environment. When adjustment was made for poverty and minority status, there were no maternal age differences in birth weight. The reduced birth weights were not related to the young woman's health behaviors during pregnancy or her biologic characteristics. Ethnicity, poverty status, age at menarche, maternal height, net maternal weight gain, and smoking during pregnancy had an independent effect on birth weight in this sample of young women.
	Bibliography Citation Strobino, Donna M., Margaret E. Ensminger, Young J. Kim and Joy Nanda. "Mechanisms for Maternal Age Differences in Birth Weight." American Journal of Epidemiology 142,5 (September 1995): 504-514.

9.	Vable, Anusha M. Duarte, Catherine Cohen, Alison K. Glymour, M. Maria Ream, Robert K. Yen, Irene H.
9.	Does the Type and Timing of Educational Attainment Influence Physical Health? A Novel Application of Sequence Analysis American Journal of Epidemiology 189,11 (November 2020): 1389-1401. Also: https://academic.oup.com/aje/advance-article/doi/10.1093/aje/kwaa150/5872673 Cohort(s): NLSY79 Publisher: Johns Hopkins University Press Keyword(s): Educational Attainment; Health/Health Status/SF-12 Scale Nontraditional education trajectories are common, but their influence on physical health is understudied. We constructed year-by-year education trajectories for 7,501 National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 participants aged 14 to 48 years (262,535 person-years of education data from 1979 to 2014). We characterized trajectory similarity using sequence analysis and used hierarchical clustering to group similar educational trajectories. Using linear regression, we predicted physical health summary scores of the participants at age 50 years from the 12-item Short-Form Survey, adjusting for available confounders, and evaluated effect modification by sex, race/ethnicity, and childhood socioeconomic status. We identified 24 unique educational sequence clusters on the basis of highest level of schooling and attendance timing.
	Bibliography Citation Vable, Anusha M., Catherine Duarte, Alison K. Cohen, M. Maria Glymour, Robert K. Ream and Irene H. Yen. "Does the Type and Timing of Educational Attainment Influence Physical Health? A Novel Application of Sequence Analysis." American Journal of Epidemiology 189,11 (November 2020): 1389-1401.

10.	Weden, Margaret M. Brownell, Peter B. Rendall, Michael S. Lau, Christopher Fernandes, Meenakshi Nazarov, Zafar
10.	Parent-Reported Height and Weight as Sources of Bias in Survey Estimates of Childhood Obesity American Journal of Epidemiology 178,3 (1 August 2013): 461-473. Also: http://aje.oxfordjournals.org/content/178/3/461.abstract Cohort(s): Children of the NLSY79 Publisher: Johns Hopkins University Press Keyword(s): Body Mass Index (BMI); Child Health; Data Quality/Consistency; Height; Obesity; Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID); Weight Parental reporting of height and weight was evaluated for US children aged 2–13 years. The prevalence of obesity (defined as a body mass index value (calculated as weight (kg)/height (m)2) in the 95th percentile or higher) and its height and weight components were compared in child supplements of 2 nationally representative surveys: the 1996–2008 Children of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 Cohort (NLSY79-Child) and the 1997 Child Development Supplement of the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID-CDS). Sociodemographic differences in parent reporting error were analyzed. Error was largest for children aged 2–5 years. Underreporting of height, not overreporting of weight, generated a strong upward bias in obesity prevalence at those ages. Frequencies of parent-reported heights below the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (Atlanta, Georgia) first percentile were implausibly high at 16.5% (95% confidence interval (CI): 14.3, 19.0) in the NLSY79-Child and 20.6% (95% CI: 16.0, 26.3) in the PSID-CDS. They were highest among low-income children at 33.2% (95% CI: 22.4, 46.1) in the PSID-CDS and 26.2% (95% CI: 20.2, 33.2) in the NLSY79-Child. Bias in the reporting of obesity decreased with children's age and reversed direction at ages 12–13 years. Underreporting of weight increased with age, and underreporting of height decreased with age. We recommend caution to researchers who use parent-reported heights, especially for very young children, and offer practical solutions for survey data collection and research on child obesity.
	Bibliography Citation Weden, Margaret M., Peter B. Brownell, Michael S. Rendall, Christopher Lau, Meenakshi Fernandes and Zafar Nazarov. "Parent-Reported Height and Weight as Sources of Bias in Survey Estimates of Childhood Obesity." American Journal of Epidemiology 178,3 (1 August 2013): 461-473.

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