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Chapter two shifts in focus from exploring the mother's outcomes to evaluating children's mental health outcomes. A large body of theoretical and empirical research explores the causal effect of the number of siblings on various dimensions of children's outcomes. I estimate the impact of increases in sibship size on children's mental disorders using matched mother-child data from the National Longitudinal Surveys of Youth. Using an instrumental variables technique, my findings provide no substantial evidence in support of the traditional quantity-quality fertility trade-off. By exploiting the panel data and using fixed effects to account for omitted factors, my findings show that an additional younger sibling is detrimental for a child's anxious/depressed index and likelihood of visiting a psychiatrist for a mental disorder. The estimated effects are greater for female and non-black children. This relationship is larger in magnitude in the long-term, as compared to a shorter time horizon.