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Author: Prus, Mark J.
Resulting in 3 citations.
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Duncan, Kevin Craig Prus, Mark J. |
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Atrophy Rates for Intermittent Employment for Married and Never-Married Women: A Test of the Human Capital Theory of Occupational Sex Segregation Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance 32,1 (Spring 1992): 27-37 Cohort(s): Mature Women Publisher: Elsevier Keyword(s): Discrimination, Sex; Education; Labor Force Participation; Manpower Planning; Marriage; Women Many economists attribute the persistence of occupational sex segregation to the choices that women make in preparing for and on entering the labor market, while other economists argue that occupational sex segregation is the result of such factors as discrimination and sex role socialization. An alternative test of the occupational choice explanation for sex segregation is developed. Marital status is used as a proxy for differential commitment to the labor market, and atrophy rates are estimated for married and never married women. By dividing the sample of mature women in the National Longitudinal Survey for 1967 status, a test is conducted of the human capital prediction that women with less intermittent labor force participation opt for occupations characterized by a greater penalty for intermittence. The results suggest that, while expectations concerning labor force participation appear to guide women's preparation for the labor market and while other job characteristics may influence occupational sorting, differential atrophy rates have not been proven to be fundamental in guiding women's occupational choices. |
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Bibliography Citation
Duncan, Kevin Craig and Mark J. Prus. "Atrophy Rates for Intermittent Employment for Married and Never-Married Women: A Test of the Human Capital Theory of Occupational Sex Segregation." Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance 32,1 (Spring 1992): 27-37.
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Duncan, Kevin Craig Prus, Mark J. |
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Starting Wages of Women in Female and Male Occupations: A Test of the Human Capital Explanation of Occupational Sex Segregation Social Science Journal 29,4 (1992): 479-493. Also: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0362331992900086 Cohort(s): Mature Women Publisher: JAI Press, Inc. Keyword(s): Human Capital Theory; Labor Force Participation; Occupations; Occupations, Female; Occupations, Male; Unions; Wage Differentials; Wages, Women Debate regarding gender-based occupational segregation has been dominated by the view that segregation results from differences in the occupational choices made by men & women. An alternative test using the occupational choice explanation is presented, drawing on data derived from the 1967 National Longitudinal Survey for Mature Women, ages 30-44, to examine the human capital propositions that predominantly female (F) occupations are characterized by relatively higher starting wages & lower penalties for time spent out of the labor market. An examination of average hourly wage rates by level of work experience failed to indicate statistically significant starting wage differentials that would explain occupational segregation based on choice. Aggression analyses show that predominantly F occupations offer significantly lower starting wages & higher penalty rates relative to predominantly male occupations. Economic incentives suggested by human capital theory that would lead Fs to choose to work in traditionally F occupations are not found. It is suggested that future research should explore the roles of labor market discrimination & gender-role socialization in explaining occupational segregation. 3 Tables, 2 Figures. Adapted from the source document. (Copyright 1993, Sociological Abstracts, Inc., all rights reserved.) |
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Bibliography Citation
Duncan, Kevin Craig and Mark J. Prus. "Starting Wages of Women in Female and Male Occupations: A Test of the Human Capital Explanation of Occupational Sex Segregation." Social Science Journal 29,4 (1992): 479-493.
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Duncan, Kevin Craig Prus, Mark J. Sandy, Jonathan |
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Marital Status, Children and Women's Labor Market Choices Journal of Socio-Economics 22,3 (Fall 1993): 277-288. Also: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/105353579390013B Cohort(s): Mature Women Publisher: Elsevier Keyword(s): Human Capital Theory; Labor Force Participation; Marital Status; Modeling, Probit; Occupational Choice This article provides a test of the human capital prediction that women with more labor force intermittence hold occupations characterized by lower earnings penalties for intermittence. By using marital and family status as proxies of labor market commitment the authors find that, on average, married women with and without children spend more time out of the labor force than never-married, childless women. Results from earnings regressions fail to indicate that the occupations they hold are characterized by significantly lower penalties for time not working. However, results from a probit model indicate that a woman's marital status, the presence of children, and the level of the husband's education significantly affect the probability of working. The results reported here suggest that human capital theory explains a woman's decision to work, but does not necessarily explain her occupational choice. |
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Bibliography Citation
Duncan, Kevin Craig, Mark J. Prus and Jonathan Sandy. "Marital Status, Children and Women's Labor Market Choices." Journal of Socio-Economics 22,3 (Fall 1993): 277-288.
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