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Author: Na, In-Gang
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Na, In-Gang |
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Three Empirical Essays in Labor Markets Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Minnesota, 1996 Cohort(s): NLSY79 Publisher: UMI - University Microfilms, Bell and Howell Information and Learning Keyword(s): Collective Bargaining; College Dropouts; College Graduates; Current Population Survey (CPS) / CPS-Fertility Supplement; Displaced Workers; Family Background and Culture; Labor Market Demographics; Local Labor Market; Modeling, Hazard/Event History/Survival/Duration; Parental Influences; Unemployment; Unions; Wage Differentials The thesis consists of three empirical essays in labor markets. Essay I: The effect of Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification Act (WARN) on unemployment. This paper examined the effectiveness of WARN of 1988, using three most recent CPS's Displaced Workers Supplements data. I used difference-in-differences method for estimating the WARN effect. The findings are that there was no evidence that the WARN act affected the probability of getting advance notice, the probability of avoiding positive spells of unemployment, and the hazard rate of re-employment duration. Essay II: The union membership wage premium for employees covered by collective bargaining agreements. Using Current Population Survey data for 1983 to 1991, this paper analyzes whether there is a union membership wage premium among private sector employees covered by union contracts. Following the union-nonunion wage differentials literature, cross-section as well as longitudinal empirical estimation strategies are utilized. The cross-section estimates suggest a union membership wage premium of 10 to 18 percent while the longitudinal estimates are smaller. Significant differences in this premium, as well as in membership rates conditional upon coverage, across various demographic subgroups are also documented. Essay III: An empirical analysis of hazard rates of college graduation and dropout. This paper examines the effects of waiting duration to college enrollment, and the effects of family background and local labor market conditions on the hazard rates of college graduation and dropout. A bivariate two-period competing risks hazard model is used, which allows for two distinct durations (waiting duration to first college enrollment and college duration until exit) and two competing risks of college exit (graduation and dropout). The data used in this paper are derived from National Longitudinal Survey of Labor Market Experience of Youth (NLSY). The results in dicate that waiting duration to college enrollment increases (decreases) the hazard rate of college dropout (college graduation). The family background variables such as education levels and occupation of parents are found to be important determinants of the hazard rates of college graduation and college dropout. It is also found that higher unemployment rates decrease the hazard rate of college graduation. |
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Bibliography Citation
Na, In-Gang. Three Empirical Essays in Labor Markets. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Minnesota, 1996. |