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Author: Miles, Jeremy N. V.
Resulting in 2 citations.
1. Miles, Jeremy N. V.
Weden, Margaret M.
Is the Intergenerational Transmission of Smoking From Mother to Child Mediated by Children’s Behavior Problems?
Nicotine and Tobacco Research 14,9 (September 2012): 1012-1018.
Also: http://ntr.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2012/02/07/ntr.ntr328.abstract
Cohort(s): Children of the NLSY79, NLSY79
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Keyword(s): Behavior Problems Index (BPI); Cigarette Use (see Smoking); Intergenerational Patterns/Transmission; Modeling, Latent Class Analysis/Latent Transition Analysis; Modeling, Logit; Mothers, Behavior; Pre/post Natal Behavior; Smoking (see Cigarette Use)

Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher.

Introduction: A previous paper used latent class analysis to assign individuals to 1 of 4 adolescent/young adult smoking trajectory classes and then established an association between maternal smoking before, during, and after pregnancy and these classes. In this paper, we examine one possible pathway for this relationship: that maternal smoking during pregnancy may set off a behavioral trajectory which increases the likelihood of problem behaviors generally, of which smoking is one manifestation.

Methods: We used the Behavior Problems Index measure from age 8 through age 12 as a potential mediator. We used a path analysis modeling approach within a multinomial logistic regression (using Mplus) to estimate direct and indirect effects (via behavioral problems) between maternal smoking pattern and child trajectory class.

Results: We found small but statistically significant indirect effects via behavioral problems from maternal smoking to child smoking trajectory for membership in all 3 smoking classes, relative to the nonsmoking trajectory, indicating partial mediation. Mediated effects were associated with maternal smoking after pregnancy, no statistically significant mediated effects were found for smoking before or during pregnancy.

Conclusions: The results provided no evidence that the effects of maternal smoking during pregnancy on child smoking trajectory are mediated by problem behavior. Effects from smoking after birth to child smoking trajectory appear to be partially mediated by problem behavior, supporting a behavioral rather than physiological effect of smoking during pregnancy but not ruling out more complex physiological pathways.

Bibliography Citation
Miles, Jeremy N. V. and Margaret M. Weden. "Is the Intergenerational Transmission of Smoking From Mother to Child Mediated by Children’s Behavior Problems?" Nicotine and Tobacco Research 14,9 (September 2012): 1012-1018.
2. Weden, Margaret M.
Miles, Jeremy N. V.
Intergenerational Relationships between the Smoking Patterns of a Population-Representative Sample of US Mothers and the Smoking Trajectories of their Children
American Journal of Public Health 102,4 (April 2012): 723-731.
Also: http://ajph.aphapublications.org/doi/abs/10.2105/AJPH.2011.300214
Cohort(s): NLSY79, NLSY79 Young Adult
Publisher: American Public Health Association
Keyword(s): Cigarette Use (see Smoking); Delinquency/Gang Activity; Intergenerational Patterns/Transmission; Modeling, Growth Curve/Latent Trajectory Analysis; Pre/post Natal Behavior; Smoking (see Cigarette Use)

Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher.

OBJECTIVES: We assessed intergenerational transmission of smoking in mother-child dyads.

METHODS: We identified classes of youth smoking trajectories using mixture latent trajectory analyses with data from the Children and Young Adults of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (n = 6349). We regressed class membership on prenatal and postnatal exposure to maternal smoking, including social and behavioral variables, to control for selection.

RESULTS: Youth smoking trajectories entailed early-onset persistent smoking, early-onset experimental discontinued smoking, late-onset persistent smoking, and nonsmoking. The likelihood of early onset versus late onset and early onset versus nonsmoking were significantly higher among youths exposed prenatally and postnatally versus either postnatally alone or unexposed. Controlling for selection, the increased likelihood of early onset versus nonsmoking remained significant for each exposure group versus unexposed, as did early onset versus late onset and late onset versus nonsmoking for youths exposed prenatally and postnatally versus unexposed. Experimental smoking was notable among youths whose mothers smoked but quit before the child's birth.

CONCLUSIONS: Both physiological and social role-modeling mechanisms of intergenerational transmission are evident. Prioritization of tobacco control for pregnant women, mothers, and youths remains a critical, interrelated objective.

Bibliography Citation
Weden, Margaret M. and Jeremy N. V. Miles. "Intergenerational Relationships between the Smoking Patterns of a Population-Representative Sample of US Mothers and the Smoking Trajectories of their Children." American Journal of Public Health 102,4 (April 2012): 723-731.