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Author: Livecchi, Crista M.
Resulting in 1 citation.
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Turner, Michael G. Livecchi, Crista M. Beaver, Kevin M. Booth, Jeb |
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Moving Beyond the Socialization Hypothesis: The Effects of Maternal Smoking During Pregnancy on the Development of Self-control Journal of Criminal Justice 39,2 (March-April 2011): 120-127. Also: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0047235210002175 Cohort(s): Children of the NLSY79 Publisher: Elsevier Keyword(s): Behavior Problems Index (BPI); Behavior, Antisocial; Home Observation for Measurement of Environment (HOME); Neighborhood Effects; Parent Supervision/Monitoring; Parenting Skills/Styles; Parents, Behavior; Pre-natal Care/Exposure; Racial Differences; School Characteristics/Rating/Safety; Self-Regulation/Self-Control; Smoking (see Cigarette Use) Purpose: Gottfredson and Hirschi, in A General Theory of Crime, argue that the primary source of self-control is parental socialization. Specifically, parents who fail to supervise their children, to recognize their child's deviant behavior, and to punish such behavior are more likely to raise children with lower levels of self-control. Recent empirical research, however, has broadened the explanatory factors to include sources within schools, neighborhoods, and individual factors as significant contributors to the development of self-control. This study proposes that maternal smoking during pregnancy places additional limits on the development of self-control. Methods: Using a subsample of the National Longitudinal Study of Youth (N = 542), we provide a comprehensive investigation of the variety of sources of self-control to include both individual and environmental covariates. Results: Results indicate that maternal smoking during pregnancy significantly impacts the development of self-control net of parental, neighborhood, and school socialization. We also found that individual sources of self-control significantly vary across race and neighborhood context. Conclusions: The sources of self-control are more complex than socialization from parents, schools, and within neighborhoods occurring in childhood and adolescence. |
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Bibliography Citation
Turner, Michael G., Crista M. Livecchi, Kevin M. Beaver and Jeb Booth. "Moving Beyond the Socialization Hypothesis: The Effects of Maternal Smoking During Pregnancy on the Development of Self-control." Journal of Criminal Justice 39,2 (March-April 2011): 120-127.
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