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Author: Levine, Stephen Z.
Resulting in 4 citations.
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Levine, Stephen Z. |
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Elaboration on the Association Between IQ and Parental SES with Subsequent Crime Personality and Individual Differences 50,8 (June 2011): 1233-1237. Also: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0191886911000912 Cohort(s): NLSY79 Publisher: Elsevier Keyword(s): Adolescent Behavior; Behavior, Antisocial; Childhood; Crime; Delinquency/Gang Activity; I.Q.; Incarceration/Jail; Modeling, Poisson (IRT–ZIP); Socioeconomic Status (SES) To examine competing theoretical propositions and research, the hypotheses were tested that low parental socioeconomic status (SES), low IQ and their interaction increase the likelihood of crime. To test these hypotheses, representative US data (n = 11,437) were examined based on SES and IQ in 1981, and subsequent incarcerations from 1982 to 2006. Incarceration outcomes predicted included: incidence with binary logistic modeling, time to incarceration with Cox modeling and incarceration frequency with Poisson modeling. Results showed that low IQ, low SES and their interaction modestly predicted these three incarceration outcomes. These results were replicated among males, underprivileged groups and people with a last interview. Given that low IQ and SES are generally associated with increased risk of subsequent crime their theoretical integration is appropriate. |
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Bibliography Citation
Levine, Stephen Z. "Elaboration on the Association Between IQ and Parental SES with Subsequent Crime." Personality and Individual Differences 50,8 (June 2011): 1233-1237.
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Levine, Stephen Z. |
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Evaluating the Seven-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale Short-form: a Longitudinal US Community Study Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology 48,9 (September 2013): 1519-1526. Also: http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00127-012-0650-2 Cohort(s): NLSY79 Publisher: Springer Keyword(s): CESD (Depression Scale); Depression (see also CESD); Modeling; Scale Construction Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. Data were examined from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979. Participants responded to the 20-item CES-D (n = 8,858) in 1992, and to the 7-item CES-D-SF in 1994 (n = 8,500) and from 1998 to 2010 if aged 40 (n = 7,972) or 50 (n = 1,574) or over. Variables examined in 1979 were race, SES, and sex and in 1981 cognitive functioning. The CES-D-SF was examined for internal and test–retest reliability, unidimensionality with confirmatory factor analysis, and a cutoff score with receiver operator curve characteristics. Survival analysis was used to examine time period of first CES-D-SF suspected major depression episode, multinomial regression to examine the chronicity of CES-D-SF suspected major depression, and the course of depression with a Generalized Estimating Equation model. |
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Bibliography Citation
Levine, Stephen Z. "Evaluating the Seven-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale Short-form: a Longitudinal US Community Study." Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology 48,9 (September 2013): 1519-1526.
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Levine, Stephen Z. |
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Low Birth-Weight and Risk for Major Depression: A Community-based Longitudinal Study Psychiatry Research 215,3 (30 March 2014): 618-623. Also: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165178114000444 Cohort(s): Children of the NLSY79, NLSY79, NLSY79 Young Adult Publisher: Elsevier Keyword(s): Age at First Birth; Birthweight; CESD (Depression Scale); Depression (see also CESD); Intergenerational Patterns/Transmission; Pre-natal Care/Exposure The current study examines the association between low birth weight and risk for major depression from early adolescence to early adulthood. It accounts for eight documented confounders, and depression within families. Data were analyzed from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 on mothers and offspring. Major depression was assessed with the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale Short-Form (CES-D-SF) among offspring (N=3398) biannually, from 2000 to 2010 (aged 14–25). Competing models were examined with survival analysis and Generalized Estimated Equations (GEE). CES-D-SF based major depression was reported by 33.46% (n=1137) of participants. Among persons with very low birth weight (<1500 g), 47.5% (n=19/40) were classified with CES-D-SF depression (OR=1.81, 95% CI=0.97, 3.39). Similar results were found with survival analysis (HR=1.97, 95% CI=0.97, 4.01). Among multiple offspring families, GEE modeling showed a similar trend. On aggregate (unadjusted OR=2.46, 95% CI=1.07, 5.63; adjusted OR=2.43, 95% CI=0.94, 6.23), and within families of mothers with CES-D-SF depression (unadjusted OR=2.54, 95% CI=0.55, 11.66; adjusted OR=1.79, 95% CI=0.28, 11.42). Compelling evidence is lacking in favor of an association between very low birth weight (<1,500 g), and suspected major depression from early adolescence to early adulthood after accounting for documented confounders. |
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Bibliography Citation
Levine, Stephen Z. "Low Birth-Weight and Risk for Major Depression: A Community-based Longitudinal Study." Psychiatry Research 215,3 (30 March 2014): 618-623.
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Walsh, Sophie D. Levine, Stephen Z. Levav, Itzhak |
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The Association between Depression and Parental Ethnic Affiliation and Socioeconomic Status: A 27-year Longitudinal US Community Study Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology 47,7 (July 2012): 1153-1158. Also: http://www.springerlink.com/content/9381868k8705283q/ Cohort(s): NLSY79 Publisher: Springer Keyword(s): CESD (Depression Scale); Depression (see also CESD); Ethnic Groups/Ethnicity; Parental Influences; Socioeconomic Status (SES) Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. Purpose: This study examined the extent to which parental SES and ethnic affiliation during adolescence are associated with Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) scores compatible with depression during adulthood. Methods: The data were extracted from the US National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY79) conducted in 1979 on several ethnic groups (African-Americans, Hispanics and Others). These data included paternal socio-economic status (SES) when respondents (N = 8,331) were on average aged 18. The CES-D was re-administered 27 years later to assess the presence of depression. Results: Adjusted for age, binary logistic regression modeling showed that parental low SES increased the risk of CES-D of scores compatible with depression across ethnic groups for both genders. A gradient was observed of an increased likelihood of depression scores with lower parental SES levels: among African-American respondents, depression scores were highest at the lowest parental SES levels (OR = 3.25, 95% CI 2.19–4.84) and the risk dropped at medium (OR = 3.00, 95% CI 1.96–4.59), and highest SES levels (OR = 1.85, 95% CI 1.12–3.07). An analogous pattern was generally found for each ethnic group. Conclusions: Low parental SES during adolescence significantly increases the likelihood of CES-D scores compatible with depression during adulthood across US ethnic groups and in both genders. |
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Bibliography Citation
Walsh, Sophie D., Stephen Z. Levine and Itzhak Levav. "The Association between Depression and Parental Ethnic Affiliation and Socioeconomic Status: A 27-year Longitudinal US Community Study ." Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology 47,7 (July 2012): 1153-1158.
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