Search Results

Author: Jackson, Joshua J.
Resulting in 4 citations.
1. Brandt, Naemi D.
Mike, Anissa
Jackson, Joshua J.
Do School-Related Experiences Impact Personality? Selection and Socialization Effects of Impulse Control
Developmental Psychology 55,12 (2019): 2561-2574.
Also: https://psycnet.apa.org/fulltext/2019-54509-001.html
Cohort(s): Children of the NLSY79, NLSY79 Young Adult
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Keyword(s): Children, School-Age; Personality/Big Five Factor Model or Traits; School Characteristics/Rating/Safety; Self-Control/Self-Regulation; Teachers/Faculty

Personality traits are well-known predictors of academic success across all levels of education. However, whether school provides an environment to cultivate and promote personality traits is largely unknown. Theories about personality development give reasons to assume that enduring experiences at school could lead to prolonged personality changes. We therefore studied the dynamic interplay of impulse control--an important predictor for educational and life outcomes--and perceptions of school-related experiences both in terms of selection and socialization effects. We used a large, representative, longitudinal dataset of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth following students from ages 10 to 21 across 6 assessment waves to examine mutual associations of impulse control and school-related experiences across middle and high school years. Sample sizes for the analyses ranged from 8,204 to 8,421 (51% male). Mutual associations between perceived school-related experiences and impulse control were analyzed using random intercept cross-lagged panel models. Results supported the appearance of selection and, to a lesser extent, socialization effects for impulse control and some school-related experiences. The results point to the importance of school-related experiences not limited to academic matters.
Bibliography Citation
Brandt, Naemi D., Anissa Mike and Joshua J. Jackson. "Do School-Related Experiences Impact Personality? Selection and Socialization Effects of Impulse Control." Developmental Psychology 55,12 (2019): 2561-2574.
2. Wright, Amanda J.
Jackson, Joshua J.
Childhood Temperament and Adulthood Personality Differentially Predict Life Outcomes
Scientific Reports 12 (June 2022): 10286.
Also: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-022-14666-0
Cohort(s): Children of the NLSY79, NLSY79 Young Adult
Publisher: Nature Publishing Group
Keyword(s): Children, Temperament; Cognitive Ability; Educational Attainment; Health/Health Status/SF-12 Scale; Personality/Big Five Factor Model or Traits; Substance Use

Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher.

Debate has long surrounded whether temperament and personality are distinct sets of individual differences or are rather two sides of the same coin. To the extent that there are differences, it could indicate important developmental insights concerning the mechanisms responsible for linking traits with outcomes. One way to test this is to examine the joint and incremental predictive validity of temperament and personality in the same individuals across time. Using a longitudinal sample spanning 3 decades starting at infancy and followed up to 37 years old (N = 7081), we ran a series of Bayesian generalized linear models with measures of childhood temperament and adult-based personality to predict outcomes in several life domains. Results indicated that while each set of individual differences were often related to the same outcomes, there were instances in which temperament provided incremental validity above adult personality, ranging from 2 to 10% additional variance explained. Personality in childhood explained the most variance for outcomes such as cognitive ability and educational attainment whereas personality performed best for outcomes such as health status, substance use, and most internalizing outcomes. These findings indicate childhood and adulthood assessments of personality are not redundant and that a lifespan approach is needed to understand fully understand life outcomes.
Bibliography Citation
Wright, Amanda J. and Joshua J. Jackson. "Childhood Temperament and Adulthood Personality Differentially Predict Life Outcomes." Scientific Reports 12 (June 2022): 10286.
3. Wright, Amanda J.
Jackson, Joshua J.
Do Changes in Personality Predict Life Outcomes?
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 125,6 (2023): 1495–1518.
Also: https://doi.org/10.1037/pspp0000472
Cohort(s): NLSY79, NLSY79 Young Adult
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Keyword(s): Life Outcomes; Meta-analysis; Personality Change; Personality Prediction; Personality/Big Five Factor Model or Traits

The Big Five personality traits predict many important life outcomes. These traits, although relatively stable, are also open to change across time. However, whether these changes likewise predict a wide range of life outcomes has yet to be rigorously tested. This has implications for the types of processes linking trait levels and changes with future outcomes: distal, cumulative processes versus more immediate, proximal processes, respectively. The present study used seven longitudinal data sets (N = 81,980) to comprehensively examine the unique relationship that changes in the Big Five traits have with static levels and changes in numerous outcomes in the domains of health, education, career, finance, relationships, and civic engagement. Meta-analytic estimates were calculated and study-level variables were examined as potential moderators of these pooled effects. Results indicated that changes in personality traits are sometimes prospectively related to static outcomes—such as health status, degree attainment, unemployment, and volunteering—above and beyond associations due to static trait levels. Moreover, changes in personality more frequently predicted changes in these outcomes, with associations for new outcomes emerging as well (e.g., marriage, divorce). Across all meta-analytic models, the magnitude of effects for changes in traits was never larger than that of static levels and there were fewer change associations. Study-level moderators (e.g., average age, number of Big Five waves, internal consistency estimates) were rarely associated with effects. Our study suggests personality change can play a valuable role in one’s development and highlights that both cumulative and proximal processes matter for some trait-outcome associations.
Bibliography Citation
Wright, Amanda J. and Joshua J. Jackson. "Do Changes in Personality Predict Life Outcomes?" Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 125,6 (2023): 1495–1518. A.
4. Wright, Amanda J.
Jackson, Joshua J.
Initiation of Drug and Alcohol Use and Personality Development during Adolescence
European Journal of Personality published online (6 May 2022): DOI: 10.1177/08902070221090107.
Also: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/08902070221090107
Cohort(s): NLSY79 Young Adult
Publisher: Sage Publications
Keyword(s): Alcohol Use; Depression (see also CESD); Drug Use; Personality/Big Five Factor Model or Traits; Self-Control/Self-Regulation; Self-Esteem

Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher.

Personality traits predict both the initiation and continued usage of alcohol and drugs. Less established is if substance use is associated with subsequent changes in personality, especially during the sensitive period of adolescence. We used three approaches to disentangle selection and socialization effects to address whether substance use is associated with personality development (impulsivity, sensation-seeking, depression, self-esteem). First, we used a multi-wave longitudinal sample of adolescents (N = 8,303) from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth - Child and Young Adult dataset to study the first use of several substances. Second, we used propensity score weighting to equate users and abstainers on a range of background variables. Third, we investigated changes before, during, and after initiation of substances. Overall, there was unique variability and effects in personality across time for average levels, trajectories, and magnitudes of change both between users and abstainers as well as within users of specific substances. Results suggest that initiation of substance use is associated with changes in personality; the specifics of which are largely contingent upon the substance being used. Impulsivity and sensation-seeking were the traits associated with the most change while cocaine and cigarettes were the substances associated with the greatest changes.
Bibliography Citation
Wright, Amanda J. and Joshua J. Jackson. "Initiation of Drug and Alcohol Use and Personality Development during Adolescence." European Journal of Personality published online (6 May 2022): DOI: 10.1177/08902070221090107.