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Author: Hutcherson, Donald T., II
Resulting in 3 citations.
1. Hutcherson, Donald T., II
Crime Pays: The Connection Between Time in Prison and Future Criminal Earnings
The Prison Journal 92,3 (September 2012): 315-335.
Also: http://tpj.sagepub.com/content/92/3/315.abstract
Cohort(s): NLSY97
Publisher: Sage Publications
Keyword(s): Crime; Earnings; Human Capital; Incarceration/Jail; Social Capital

Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher.

This study draws on theories of stigma, social and human capital, and opportunity structure to assess the role of prior incarceration on illegal earnings. Tobit regression models are estimated for young adult ex-offenders and nonoffenders using the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth for 1997 to 2005. The findings reveal that individuals with an incarceration history earn significantly higher annual illegal earnings than those who do not have such a history. This is true net a variety of predictors of illegal income, including race and ethnicity. The current research indicates that spending significant time in jail or prison may force the ex-incarcerated into illegal opportunity structures to obtain income.
Bibliography Citation
Hutcherson, Donald T., II. "Crime Pays: The Connection Between Time in Prison and Future Criminal Earnings." The Prison Journal 92,3 (September 2012): 315-335.
2. Hutcherson, Donald T., II
Street Dreams: The Effect of Incarceration on Illegal Earnings
Ph.D. Dissertation, The Ohio State University, 2008
Cohort(s): NLSY97
Publisher: ProQuest Dissertations & Theses (PQDT)
Keyword(s): Crime; Employment, Youth; Ethnic Studies; Heterogeneity; Human Capital; Life Course; Modeling, Random Effects; Racial Studies

Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher.

Theory and research on the employment lives of the ex-incarcerated suggests that imprisonment can decrease earnings in the conventional labor market for young adults (e.g., Sampson and Laub, 1993; Sampson and Laub, 2003; Western, 2002; Western, 2006). However, little is known about the influence of imprisonment on criminal earnings. To fill this gap, the research reported below addresses the following question: How does incarceration influence criminal earnings for adolescents and young adults? Drawing on theories regarding stigma, social and human capital, and opportunity structure, I develop an argument to explain how incarceration can yield returns in the form of greater illegal earnings. Briefly, the case is made that due to failures in the conventional labor market, the ex-incarcerated are forced to rely on criminal earnings from illegal opportunity structures during the life course. Thus, illegal earnings will be greater for this group than for their counterparts who have not been incarcerated.

To assess the role of prior incarceration on illegal earnings, this study estimates random-effects models for adolescents and young adult male ex-offenders and non-offenders using the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY97) for 1997-2005. Consistent with the theoretical arguments, the findings reveal that individuals with an incarceration history earn significantly higher annual illegal earnings than those who do not have such a history. This is true net of a variety of predictors of illegal income, including factors related to 'persistent heterogeneity'. The analyses also reveal an interaction effect of prior incarceration and African-American racial status on illegal earnings, whereby formerly incarcerated African-American males earn much higher predicted illegal income than former incarcerees from other race/ethnic backgrounds.

To assess the role of different sources of illegal earnings, I also investigated the influence of prior incarceration on illegal earnings from drug trafficking. These analyses demonstrated a strong positive relationship between incarceration history and annual illegal income from this source. Further, interaction models revealed that ex-incarcerated African-American males earn significantly higher predicted logged income from drug trafficking than Hispanic and White ex-offenders and those never incarcerated. There is also an interaction between prior incarceration and hardcore drug use for this outcome. Formerly incarcerated individuals who use hardcore drugs earn much higher predicted logged annual illegal income from drug sales than ex-incarcerated non-drug users, non-incarcerated drug users and non-incarcerated individuals that do not use drugs.

Bibliography Citation
Hutcherson, Donald T., II. Street Dreams: The Effect of Incarceration on Illegal Earnings. Ph.D. Dissertation, The Ohio State University, 2008.
3. Tapia, Michael
Alarid, Leanne Fiftal
Hutcherson, Donald T., II
Youthful Arrest and Parental Support: Gendered Effects in Straining the Parent–Child Relationship
Deviant Behavior 36,8 (2015): 674-690.
Also: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/01639625.2014.951584
Cohort(s): NLSY97
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Keyword(s): Arrests; Delinquency/Gang Activity; Gender Differences; Parent-Child Relationship/Closeness; Parental Influences

Much research confirms the importance of the quality of the parent–child relationship on youth involvement in delinquency. Yet, few have examined this in reverse order, that is, how an arrest for delinquency impacts the parent–child relationship. This article explores the effects of arrest on the child's perceived level of parental support using youth survey data for the nation. Among non-arrested youth, parental support experiences a gradual decline during the early teen years, and a considerable rebound in the late teen years. Among arrested youth, support shows sharper drops and recoveries over the teen years. Controlling for a set of social, legal, and demographic items, we examine the effects of the number of arrests on parental support with multinomial logistic regression, noting several gender effects. First, we find that arrests predict lower levels of support for mothers, but not for fathers. An equally noteworthy finding is that boys report more parental support than girls do, regardless of parent gender.
Bibliography Citation
Tapia, Michael, Leanne Fiftal Alarid and Donald T. Hutcherson. "Youthful Arrest and Parental Support: Gendered Effects in Straining the Parent–Child Relationship." Deviant Behavior 36,8 (2015): 674-690.