Search Results

Author: Graddy-Reed, Alexandra
Resulting in 2 citations.
1. Moulton, Jeremy G.
Graddy-Reed, Alexandra
Lanahan, Lauren
Beyond The EITC: The Effect of Reducing the Earned Income Tax Credit on Labor Force Participation
National Tax Journal 69,2 (June 2016): 261-284.
Also: https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/10.17310/ntj.2016.2.01
Cohort(s): NLSY79
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Keyword(s): Benefits, Child Tax; Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC); Labor Force Participation

We examine variation in the Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC) program when households lose eligibility due to children aging out of the program. This change in eligibility offers a framework for assessing whether the aim of the program of increasing work incentives extends beyond the time recipients qualify for the EITC. We estimate the impact of reducing the EITC on mothers' labor force participation using a combination of difference-in-differences and household fixed effects models, using data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979. The results indicate that some of those who most likely qualify for the EITC (unmarried, less educated mothers) leave the workforce when they lose the benefit.
Bibliography Citation
Moulton, Jeremy G., Alexandra Graddy-Reed and Lauren Lanahan. "Beyond The EITC: The Effect of Reducing the Earned Income Tax Credit on Labor Force Participation." National Tax Journal 69,2 (June 2016): 261-284.
2. Moulton, Jeremy Grant
Graddy-Reed, Alexandra
Lanahan, Lauren
Growing Up and Getting Less: The Effect of the Earned Income Tax Credit On Labor Force Participation Using An Individual Level Fixed Effects Model
Presented: Washington, DC, Association for Public Policy Analysis and Management (APPAM) Annual Fall Research Conference, November 7-9, 2013
Cohort(s): NLSY79
Publisher: Association for Public Policy Analysis and Management (APPAM)
Keyword(s): Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC); Labor Force Participation; Modeling, Fixed Effects; Mothers

Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher.

The Earned Income Tax Credit program (EITC) has grown to become the largest cash transfer poverty reduction program in the United States. Past research has focused on a difference-in-differences approach to study the effect of the program on the labor supply of eligible workers, especially that of single mothers. But such an approach is known to be subject to selection bias. To circumvent these potential design issues we instead employ a within comparison research design to assess the effect of the program on labor supply. Using the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics’ National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979, we examine the effect of the EITC program on labor supply for households with children who “age out” of EITC qualifying child eligibility. Estimates using the full sample of women with two children indicate a 2.1 percentage point increase in female labor force participation when one child qualifies and a 2.7 percentage point increase when both qualify in comparison to when none of their children qualify. Stratifying the results by education and marital status, we find evidence of an even greater effect for unmarried mothers with less than a high school education: 14.3 and 23.2 percentage point increases in female labor force participation for one qualifying child and two qualifying children, respectively. We also employ an instrumental variable approach using number of qualifying children as an instrument for EITC amount that reflects a 0.011 percentage point increase in female labor supply for each dollar of EITC received, however, these results are not statistically significant. This paper applies a new method to evaluating the effectiveness of the EITC program and shows that the program can increase female labor force participation.
Bibliography Citation
Moulton, Jeremy Grant, Alexandra Graddy-Reed and Lauren Lanahan. "Growing Up and Getting Less: The Effect of the Earned Income Tax Credit On Labor Force Participation Using An Individual Level Fixed Effects Model." Presented: Washington, DC, Association for Public Policy Analysis and Management (APPAM) Annual Fall Research Conference, November 7-9, 2013.