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Author: Gihleb, Rania
Resulting in 3 citations.
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Gihleb, Rania |
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Three Essays on Female Labor Supply and Assortative Mating Ph.D. Dissertation, Boston University, 2014 Cohort(s): NLSY79 Publisher: ProQuest Dissertations & Theses (PQDT) Keyword(s): Assortative Mating; Current Population Survey (CPS) / CPS-Fertility Supplement; Educational Attainment; Human Capital; Husbands; Labor Supply; Wage Growth; Wives Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. This thesis focuses on female labor supply, human capital and assortative mating. The first chapter examines the link between the gap in spousal education and the labor supply behavior of married women over the life-cycle. Based on data from the 1965-2011 March Current Population Surveys and the National Longitudinal Study of Youth 1979, it documents that, all else equal, if the wife's education exceeds her husband's then she is substantially more likely to be employed than if she is less educated than her husband (up to 14.5 percentage points). A dynamic life-cycle model of endogenous marriage and labor supply decisions in a collective framework is formulated and structurally estimated. It establishes that the link between a husband's educational attainment and a wife's labor supply decision, at the time of marriage, produces dynamic effects due to human capital accumulation and implied wage growth. Returns to experience account for 57 percent of the employment gap observed between women who had married "down" and those who married "up". Counterfactuals also indicate that, alone, the changes in assortative mating patterns across cohorts, which are implied by the changes in the marginal distributions of education, are able to explain a sizable proportion (roughly 25 percent) of the observed rise in married women's labor force participation. The second chapter analyzes the evolution of educational assortative mating along racial lines. Previous studies suggest that preferences have changed across cohorts in the US to produce an increase in assortative mating. The analysis in the second chapter challenges the metric of measurement for assortative mating and shows that educational assortative mating has been stable over time for blacks and whites despite social and economic changes that might have impacted individual's incentives to form a marriage. The third chapter proposes a novel instrument for catholic school attendance that exploits the abrupt shock to catholic schools' human capital in the aftermath of the second Vatican council. It shows that the positive correlation between Catholic schooling and student outcomes is explained by selection bias. |
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Bibliography Citation
Gihleb, Rania. Three Essays on Female Labor Supply and Assortative Mating. Ph.D. Dissertation, Boston University, 2014. |
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Gihleb, Rania Lifshitz, Osnat |
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Dynamic Effects of Educational Assortative Mating on Labor Supply IZA Discussion Paper No. 9958, Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA), May 2016. Also: http://www.iza.org/en/webcontent/publications/papers/viewAbstract?dp_id=9958 Cohort(s): NLSY79 Publisher: Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) Keyword(s): Assortative Mating; Educational Attainment; Human Capital; Husbands; Labor Supply; Marriage; Wage Differentials; Wage Gap; Wives Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. In 30% of young American couples the wife is more educated than the husband. Those women are characterized by a substantially higher employment (all else equal), which in turn amplifies income inequality across couples. Using NLSY79, we formulate and structurally estimate a dynamic life-cycle model of endogenous marriage and labor supply decisions in a collective framework. We establish that the education gap at the time of marriage, produces dynamic effects due to human capital accumulation and implied wage growth. Inequality between couples is largely driven by the persistence in labor supply choices and only slightly affected by assortative matching. |
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Bibliography Citation
Gihleb, Rania and Osnat Lifshitz. "Dynamic Effects of Educational Assortative Mating on Labor Supply." IZA Discussion Paper No. 9958, Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA), May 2016. |
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Gihleb, Rania Lifshitz, Osnat |
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Dynamic Effects of Educational Assortative Mating on Labor Supply Review of Economic Dynamics published online (8 October 2021): DOI: 10.1016/j.red.2021.10.001. Also: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1094202521000740 Cohort(s): NLSY79 Publisher: Society for Economic Dynamics Keyword(s): Assortative Mating; Educational Attainment; Gender Differences; Marital Status; Unemployment Rate; Work Experience Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. The gender education gap has undergone a transition in the post-war period, from favoring men to favoring women. As a result, in 30% of young American couples, the wife is more educated than the husband. These "married down" women display substantially higher employment rates, relative to women with husbands with the same or higher level of educational attainment. We argue that the interaction between work and marital decisions can explain the higher employment rates of women who marry down. Returns to experience are key in this mechanism, since they lock in early employment choices. We formulate a dynamic life cycle model of marriage and divorce, with endogenous labor supply decisions, and structurally estimate it using NLSY79. We show that returns to experience account for 45% of the employment gap between married down women and married up women. The estimates further suggest that the changes in educational sorting patterns across cohorts can explain 11% of the rise in married women's employment between the 1945 and 1965 cohorts. Finally, we simulate a shift from joint to individual taxation. The model predicts a larger increase in married down women's employment rate. |
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Bibliography Citation
Gihleb, Rania and Osnat Lifshitz. "Dynamic Effects of Educational Assortative Mating on Labor Supply." Review of Economic Dynamics published online (8 October 2021): DOI: 10.1016/j.red.2021.10.001.
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