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Author: Cunningham, Susan Mary
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Cunningham, Susan Mary |
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Shift-Work Patterns Among Youth: A Three-Year Analysis Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Maryland, 1986. DAI-A 47/09, p. 3577, March 1987 Cohort(s): NLSY79 Publisher: UMI - University Microfilms, Bell and Howell Information and Learning Keyword(s): Dual Economic Theory; Gender Differences; Income; Industrial Sector; Private Schools; Racial Differences; Shift Workers; Unemployment, Youth; Variables, Independent - Covariate This dissertation examines shift work (day versus nonday work hours) from a sociological perspective, applying some concepts rooted in the dual/segmented labor-market literature to an analysis of shift distribution at one point in time and patterns of shift changes over a three-year period. The operationalizations derived from this literature are sector, labor market (high/low capacity jobs), race, and gender as predictor variables. Marital status, income last year (a proxy for experience in the labor force), college student status, full-time/part-time employment status, and age were added as control variables. The data are from the National Longitudinal Survey Youth Cohort for 1980, 1981, and 1982. The method employed is log-linear analysis of multi-dimensional contingency tables. Both the bivariate and multivariate hypotheses reflect a general theme, the proposed negative-impact principle. For bivariate associations, this principle states that position in or possession of the more negative category or trait (with respect to the labor force) of the respective independent variables will increase the likelihood of a person's working nonday hours. For higher-order interactions, this principle suggests that, for the more negative level of a conditioning variable, the effect of an independent variable on shift is greater, such that a combination of negative characteristics of two independent variables significantly increases the probability of a worker's location on a nonday shift. The results support the application of this principle: For both analyses, the sector/shift relationship is stronger for workers who hold low-capacity jobs and who report lower incomes. For shift pattern, the sector/shift relationship is stronger for students and for unmarried respondents. For shift distribution, a student/shift and employment-status/shift association is stronger among lower-income respondents. The gender variable conforms to the negative-impact principle but not in the predicted manner. Race shows no association with shift work in terms of either a main effect or higher-order interactions with other variables. The age variable is similarly unrelated at the bivariate level and appears only weakly in a higher-order interaction in both analyses. |
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Bibliography Citation
Cunningham, Susan Mary. Shift-Work Patterns Among Youth: A Three-Year Analysis. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Maryland, 1986. DAI-A 47/09, p. 3577, March 1987. |