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Author: Chuan, Amanda
Resulting in 3 citations.
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Chuan, Amanda |
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Essays on Human Capital and Altruism Ph.D. Dissertation, Department of Applied Economics, University of Pennsylvania, 2018 Cohort(s): NLSY79 Publisher: ProQuest Dissertations & Theses (PQDT) Keyword(s): College Enrollment; Gender Differences; Occupational Segregation; Skills Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. In Chapter 2, I explore one key mechanism behind the severe occupational segregation in the non-college labor market. Using data from the National Longitudinal Study of Youth (1979), I show that there exist large differences in skill profiles between men and women. In particular, "gender-based skill" for men tends to represent mechanical skill, while "gender-based skill" for women tends to represent numerical and coding ability. Using a Roy model adapted from Rosen and Willis (1979), I show that "gender-based skill" for men commands a return in the non-college labor market and therefore increases the opportunity cost of college attendance. "Gender-based skill" for women, on the other hand, does not appear to increase women's non-college earnings. Finally, I find that these skill differences significantly impact the likelihood of enrolling in college through their effect on wages. By increasing the value of the outside option to attending college for men, gender-based skill contributes to the greater college enrollment rate of women. |
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Bibliography Citation
Chuan, Amanda. Essays on Human Capital and Altruism. Ph.D. Dissertation, Department of Applied Economics, University of Pennsylvania, 2018. |
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Chuan, Amanda |
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The Impact of Oil and Gas Job Opportunities during Youth on Human Capital Southern Economic Journal published online (16 August 2022): DOI: 10.1002/soej.12595. Also: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/soej.12595 Cohort(s): NLSY79 Publisher: Wiley Online Keyword(s): College Education; Current Population Survey (CPS) / CPS-Fertility Supplement; Geocoded Data; Geographical Variation; Human Capital; Industrial Sector Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. Leaving school to work trades off schooling with on-the-job human capital acquisition. How do industry shocks impact how youth make this trade-off? Exploiting the geography of natural resources, I estimate the effect of oil and gas job prospects on college and work outcomes. Using CPS data, I find that these job opportunities decrease college-going for men but not women. I next assess the importance of this schooling loss for later outcomes using longitudinal geocoded NLSY79 data. I find permanent declines in college attainment but gains in employment and earnings at ages 25-30, driven by cohorts who reach college age during industry booms. The results suggest that informal human capital can compensate for schooling loss for the men who leave school for oil and gas work. They speak to the need for further research on non-college work as a form of human capital investment outside of the traditional college pathway. |
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Bibliography Citation
Chuan, Amanda. "The Impact of Oil and Gas Job Opportunities during Youth on Human Capital." Southern Economic Journal published online (16 August 2022): DOI: 10.1002/soej.12595.
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Chuan, Amanda Zhang, Weilong |
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Non-college Occupations, Workplace Routinization, and the Gender Gap in College Enrollment IZA Discussion Paper No. 16089, Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA), April 2023. Also: https://docs.iza.org/dp16089.pdf Cohort(s): NLSY79 Publisher: Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) Keyword(s): Armed Services Vocational Aptitude Battery (ASVAB); College Enrollment; Gender Differences; Geocoded Data; Occupations Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher. This paper explores how non-college occupations contributed to the gender gap in college enrollment, where women overtook men in college-going. Using instrumental variation from routinization, we show that the decline of routine-intensive occupations displaced the non-college occupations of women, raising female enrollment. Embedding this instrumental variation into a dynamic Roy model, we find that routinization decreased returns to the non-college occupations of women, increasing their college premium. In contrast, men's non-college occupations were less susceptible to routinization. Our model estimates that workplace routinization accounted for 44% of the growth in female enrollment during 1980-2000. |
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Bibliography Citation
Chuan, Amanda and Weilong Zhang. "Non-college Occupations, Workplace Routinization, and the Gender Gap in College Enrollment." IZA Discussion Paper No. 16089, Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA), April 2023. |